Dry or Wet? Evaluating the Initial Rice Cultivation Environment on the Korean Peninsula
Dry or Wet? Evaluating the Initial Rice Cultivation Environment on the Korean Peninsula
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DOI：
10.3390/agronomy11050929
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shinya Shoda;H. Nasu;Kohei Yamazaki;Natsuki Murakami;G. Na;Sung–Mo Ahn;M. Yoneda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shinya Shoda;H. Nasu;Kohei Yamazaki;Natsuki Murakami;G. Na;Sung–Mo Ahn;M. Yoneda
稻作的起源和发展是研究东亚史前农业和社会经济创新以及环境变化的重要方面之一。特别是水稻的旱种还是湿种，是衡量不同时期、不同地区对社会和环境影响的重要因素。在这项研究中，碳和氮稳定同位素分析烧焦的作物仍然从考古遗址的日期从早期青铜时代（约。1.1公元前200年至公元前200年，原三国时期（Proto-Three Kingdoms）。0.4（k AD）的目的是澄清：（1）如先前假设的那样，在水稻被采用后大约1500年，是否有从旱种到湿种的转变;（2）从同一考古背景中挖掘出的水稻和旱地作物之间稳定碳和氮同位素值的差异，以了解种植环境。结果表明，近1500年来，炭化稻谷的稳定同位素值变化不大。此外，水稻具有较高的氮稳定同位素值比旱地作物在所有时期。虽然其他潜在因素可能影响土壤和作物的15 N富集，但最合理的解释是水稻生长的厌氧水稻土中的细菌反硝化作用。
The origins and development of rice cultivation are one of the most important aspects in studying agricultural and socio-economic innovations, as well as environmental change, in East Asian prehistory. In particular, whether wet or dry rice cultivation was conducted is an important consideration of its impact on societies and the environment across different periods and places. In this study, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of charred crop remains from archaeological sites dating from the Early Bronze Age (ca. 1.1 k BC) to the Proto-Three Kingdoms (ca. 0.4 k AD) was conducted to clarify: (1) if there were any shifts from dry to wet cultivation around 1500 years after rice adoption as previously hypothesized and (2) the difference in stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values between rice and dry fields crops excavated from the same archaeological context to understand the cultivation environment. The result show that stable isotope values of charred rice grains have not changed significantly for around 1500 years. Moreover, rice possessed higher nitrogen stable isotope values than dry crops across all periods. While other potential factors could have influenced the 15N-enrichment of soils and crops, the most reasonable explanation is bacteriologic denitrification in anaerobic paddy soil where the rice was grown.