Combining biocontrol agents to reduce the variability of biological control
Combining biocontrol agents to reduce the variability of biological control
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto.2002.92.9.976
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dinoor, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guetsky, R;Shtienberg, D;Dinoor, A
两种生物防治剂，酵母（毕赤酵母）和细菌（蕈状芽孢杆菌），分别和一起进行测试抑制灰葡萄孢在草莓叶片上。该研究的目的是确定使用它们的组合是否会扩大生物防治有效的环境条件，并检验它会减少不同条件下防治效力的变异性的假设。单独施用，生防剂在大多数温度、相对湿度和喷雾定时组合（温度：10. 15、20、23、25和30 ℃;相对湿度：78、85、96和100%;喷雾时间：接种前0、4和7天）。然而，控制效果是高度可变的，并在某些组合是不够的。生物防治剂单独施用的防治效果在38 - 98%之间（平均74%），变异系数在9.7 - 75%之间。蕈状芽孢杆菌和毕赤酵母的混合物抑制灰葡萄孢有效（80 - 99.8%的控制）在所有条件下，在所有情况下的变异系数低至0.4 - 9%。因此，这两种生物防治剂的应用导致更好地抑制灰葡萄孢，也减少了疾病控制的变异性。建议应用一种以上的生物防治剂作为减少变异性和增加生物防治可靠性的可靠手段。
Two biocontrol agents, a yeast (Pichia guilermondii) and a bacterium (Bacillus mycoides), were tested separately and together for suppression of Botrytis cinerea on strawberry leaves. The aims of the research were to determine whether the use of their combination would broaden the environmental conditions under which biological control is effective, and to test the hypothesis that it would reduce the variability of control efficacy under diverse conditions. Applied separately, the biocontrol agents significantly inhibited spore germination, lesion formation, and lesion development at most temperatures, relative humidities, and spray-timing combinations (temperatures: 10. 15, 20, 23, 25, and 30 degreesC; relative humidities: 78, 85, 96, and 100%; and spray-timings: 0, 4, and 7 days before inoculation). However, control efficacy was highly variable, and under certain combinations it was not adequate. Control efficacy achieved by the biocontrol agents applied separately ranged between 38 and 98% (mean 74%) and the coefficient of variation ranged from 9.7 to 75%. The mixture of Bacillus mycoides and Pichia guilermondii suppressed Botrytis cinerea effectively (80 to 99.8% control) under all conditions, and the coefficients of variation were as low as 0.4 to 9% in all cases. Thus, application of both biocontrol agents resulted in better suppression of Botrytis cinerea, and also reduced the variability of disease control. Application of more than one biocontrol agent is suggested as a reliable means of reducing the variability and increasing the reliability of biological control.