Landsat 9: Empowering open science and applications through continuity
Landsat 9: Empowering open science and applications through continuity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2020.111968
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Jenstrom, Del T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masek, Jeffrey G.;Wulder, Michael A.;Jenstrom, Del T.
地球观测卫星计划很好地反映了从太空观测地球的历史。随着1972年陆地卫星1号开始的数据收集，该计划在保持陆地观测连续性的同时，发展了技术能力。在这样做的过程中，陆地卫星为评估由于自然和人类强迫造成的地球陆地环境的长期变化提供了重要的参考。准备于2021年年中发射的NASA-USGS陆地卫星9号联合任务将继续这一重要的数据记录。在许多方面，陆地卫星9号是陆地卫星8号的克隆。运行中的陆地成像仪2号(OLI-2)与陆地卫星8号OLI基本相同，提供覆盖太阳反射波长的校准图像。热红外传感器-2(TRS-2)在陆地卫星8 TIR的基础上进行了改进，解决了包括杂散光侵入和仪器场景选择镜故障在内的已知问题。此外，陆地卫星9号增加了TIR-2的冗余性，从而将仪器升级到与特派团其他要素相称的5年设计寿命。OLI-2和TIR-2的初步性能测试表明，这两台仪器的质量都很好，有望赶上或改进Landsat 8的数据质量。陆地卫星9号将保持目前每天高达740个场景的数据获取速度，这些场景可以从陆地卫星档案中免费获得。在这次通信中，我们提供了陆地卫星9号任务的背景和基本原理，描述了仪器有效载荷和地面系统，并讨论了通过美国地质调查局提供的陆地卫星9号任务的数据产品。
The history of Earth observation from space is well reflected through the Landsat program. With data collection beginning with Landsat-1 in 1972, the program has evolved technical capabilities while maintaining continuity of land observations. In so doing, Landsat has provided a critical reference for assessing long-term changes to Earth's land environment due to both natural and human forcing. Poised for launch in mid-2021, the joint NASA-USGS Landsat 9 mission will continue this important data record. In many respects Landsat 9 is a clone of Landsat-8. The Operational Land Imager-2 (OLI-2) is largely identical to Landsat 8 OLI, providing calibrated imagery covering the solar reflected wavelengths. The Thermal Infrared Sensor-2 (TIRS-2) improves upon Landsat 8 TIRS, addressing known issues including stray light incursion and a malfunction of the instrument scene select mirror. In addition, Landsat 9 adds redundancy to TIRS-2, thus upgrading the instrument to a 5-year design life commensurate with other elements of the mission. Initial performance testing of OLI-2 and TIRS-2 indicate that the instruments are of excellent quality and expected to match or improve on Landsat 8 data quality. Landsat-9 will maintain the current data acquisition rate of up to 740 scenes per day, with these scenes available from the Landsat archive at no cost to users. In this communication, we provide background and rationale for the Landsat 9 mission, describe the instrument payloads and ground system, and discuss data products available from the Landsat 9 mission through USGS.