Androgens and body fat distribution
Androgens and body fat distribution
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsbmb.2007.09.001
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Tchernof, Andre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blouin, Karine;Boivin, Ariane;Tchernof, Andre
体脂分布的一个重要的性别差异是普遍观察到的。男性通常以机器人型肥胖为特征，腹部脂肪堆积，而女性通常表现为女性型肥胖，其身体脂肪更多地分布在臀部-股骨区域。因此，男性体内的脂肪量(腹内或内脏脂肪组织)是女性的两倍。这种性别差异已被证明可以解释男性和女性不同代谢特征和心血管疾病风险的主要原因。协会研究表明，循环中的雄激素与男性腹内脂肪堆积呈负相关，这解释了低雄激素与代谢综合征特征之间联系的重要部分。在女性中，在腹型肥胖中发现的低循环性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)水平可能间接表明游离雄激素水平升高与内脏脂肪积累增加有关。然而，关于非SHBG结合和总雄激素的数据并不是一致的，很难解释总雄激素。这些专注于血浆性激素水平的研究间接表明，雄激素可能会以特定于仓库的方式改变脂肪组织质量。这可能是通过对成熟脂肪细胞的前脂肪细胞增殖和/或分化以及脂肪合成和/或脂肪分解进行部位特异性调节而发生的。最近关于雄激素在培养的脂肪细胞和脂肪组织中的作用的结果并不一致，但可能表明雄激素治疗后脂肪生成减少，脂解增加。最后，脂肪组织已经被证明表达几种类固醇生成和类固醇失活酶。仅仅它们在脂肪中的存在就间接支持了高度复杂的酶系统在局部基础上调节类固醇作用的概念。最近在男性和女性中获得的数据表明，醛酮还原酶1C家族的酶非常活跃，可能是脂肪组织中雄激素作用的重要调节器。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
An important sex difference in body fat distribution is generally observed. Men are usually characterized by the android type of obesity, with accumulation of fat in the abdominal region, whereas women often display the gynoid type of obesity, with a greater proportion of their body fat in the gluteal-femoral region. Accordingly, the amount of fat located inside the abdominal cavity (intra-abdominal or visceral adipose tissue) is twice as high in men compared to women. This sex difference has been shown to explain a major portion of the differing metabolic profiles and cardiovascular disease risk in men and women. Association studies have shown that circulating androgens are negatively associated with intra-abdominal fat accumulation in men, which explains an important portion of the link between low androgens and features of the metabolic syndrome. In women, the low circulating sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels found in abdominal obesity may indirectly indicate that elevated free androgens are related to increased visceral fat accumulation. However, data on non SHBG-bound and total androgens are not unanimous and difficult to interpret for total androgens. These studies focusing on plasma levels of sex hormones indirectly suggest that androgens may alter adipose tissue mass in a depot-specific manner. This could occur through site-specific modulation of preadipocyte proliferation and/or differentiation as well as lipid synthesis and/or lipolysis in mature adipocytes. Recent results on the effects of androgens in cultured adipocytes and adipose tissue have been inconsistent, but may indicate decreased adipogenesis and increased lipolysis upon androgen treatment. Finally, adipose tissue has been shown to express several steroidogenic and steroid-inactivating enzymes. Their mere presence in fat indirectly supports the notion of a highly complex enzymatic system modulating steroid action on a local basis. Recent data obtained in both men and women suggest that enzymes from the aldoketoreductase 1C family are very active and may be important modulators of androgen action in adipose tissue. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.