Cognitive predictors of alcohol involvement and alcohol consumption-related consequences in a sample of drunk-driving offenders.
Cognitive predictors of alcohol involvement and alcohol consumption-related consequences in a sample of drunk-driving offenders.
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醉酒驾驶罪犯样本中酒精参与和饮酒相关后果的认知预测因子。
DOI：
10.1080/10826080802345358
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
C'deBaca,Janet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scheier,LawrenceM;Lapham,SandraC;C'deBaca,Janet
酒精参与的动机理论强调广泛的认知因素是“重度”或高风险饮酒的前兆。这一考虑的核心是预期、饮酒冲动、诱因和情境线索，所有这些都可以协同或独立地刺激饮酒。不幸的是，实证研究已经仔细检查了从普通人群中抽取的低水平或中度饮酒者，并且对认知因素作为高风险饮酒前兆的作用知之甚少。本研究在被定罪的酒驾司机样本中检验了几种认知动机对有害酒精使用的独特贡献。验证性因子分析表明，该模型具有四个潜在预测构念（评估饮酒冲动/诱因、情境线索、积极和消极预期）和结果构念（评估有害饮酒和有害饮酒的感知后果）。结构方程模型表明，每一种动机结构都与饮酒和感知后果有独特的联系，在这两种情况下，最大的总体影响都与情境线索有关。结果讨论了识别突出的认知因素，可能促进有害饮酒的高危人群和他们的影响治疗。
Motivational theories of alcohol involvement emphasize a wide range of cognitive factors as precursors to “heavy” or high-risk drinking. Central to this consideration has been expectancies, drinking urges, triggers, and situational cues, all of which can synergistically or independently stimulate drinking. Unfortunately, empirical studies have scrutinized low-level or moderate drinkers drawn from the general population, and less is known about the role of cognitive factors as precursors to high-risk drinking. The present study examines the unique contribution of several measures of cognitive motivation to harmful alcohol use in a sample of convicted drunk drivers. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the psychometric soundness of a model positing four latent predictor constructs assessing drinking urges/triggers, situational cues, positive and negative expectancies and outcome constructs assessing harmful alcohol use and perceived consequences of harmful drinking. A structural equation model indicated that each motivational construct was associated uniquely with both drinking and perceived consequences, with the largest overall effect in both cases associated with situational cues. Results are discussed in terms of identifying prominent cognitive factors that may foster harmful drinking among high-risk populations and their implications for treatment.