Hybrid Blind Audio Watermarking for Proprietary Protection, Tamper Proofing, and Self-Recovery
Hybrid Blind Audio Watermarking for Proprietary Protection, Tamper Proofing, and Self-Recovery
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2019.2958095
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Hwai-Tsu Hu;Tung-Tsun Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hwai-Tsu Hu;Tung-Tsun Lee
提出了一种基于提升小波变换的多用途音频盲水印算法框架。所提出的方案可以用来实现知识产权保护的鲁棒水印以及篡改检测和信号恢复的脆弱水印。在宿主音频的3级LWT分解之后，将所选子带中的系数划分成用于水印的帧。为了扩大适用性，鲁棒水印包括专有信息，同步码，和帧相关的数据，特别是嵌入在近似子带中使用基于感知的合理抖动调制（RDM）和自适应量化索引调制（AQIM）在1523.9比特每秒的有效载荷容量。脆弱水印是使用$2^{N}-\textrm {ary}$ AQIM嵌入在第2和第3级细节子带中的音频的高度压缩版本。散列比较和信源信道编码使得识别篡改帧和恢复受影响的区域成为可能。实验结果表明，嵌入的鲁棒水印能够抵抗常见的攻击，脆弱水印具有很好的篡改检测和自恢复能力。更重要的是，一个帧同步机制的结合，使所提出的系统抵抗剪切和替换攻击，所有这些都是无法解决的使用以前的水印方案。感知评价表明，水印只造成轻微的退化。建议的水印方案是适合于广泛的所有权保护和内容认证应用。
The paper presents a lifting wavelet transform (LWT)-based framework for multi-purpose blind audio watermarking. The proposed schemes can be used to carry out robust watermarking for intellectual property protection as well as fragile watermarking for tamper detection and signal recovery. Following 3-level LWT decomposition of the host audio, the coefficients in selected subbands are partitioned into frames for watermarking. To expand applicability, the robust watermark comprising proprietary information, synchronization code, and frame-related data was particularly embedded in the approximation subband using perceptual-based rational dither modulation (RDM) and adaptive quantization index modulation (AQIM) at a payload capacity of 1523.9 bits per second. The fragile watermark is a highly compressed version of the audio embedded within the 2nd- and 3rd-level detail subbands using $2^{N}-\textrm {ary}$ AQIM. Hashing comparison and source-channel coding make it possible to identify tampered frames and restore affected regions. Experiment results indicate that the embedded robust watermark can withstand commonly-encountered attacks and the fragile watermark is highly effective in tamper detection and self-recovery. More importantly, the incorporation of a frame synchronization mechanism makes the proposed system resistant to cropping and replacement attacks, all of which were unsolvable using previous watermarking schemes. The perceptual evaluation revealed that the watermark caused only minor degradation. The proposed watermarking scheme is suitable for a wide range of ownership protection and content authentication applications.