Wavelet-based cross-correlation analysis of structure scaling in turbulent clouds

Wavelet-based cross-correlation analysis of structure scaling in turbulent clouds
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基于小波的湍流云结构尺度互相关分析

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201525899
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Ossenkopf
Ossenkopf
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arshakian;Ossenkopf

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目的提出一种统计工具来比较分子云图对湍流的标度行为。使用具有明确定义的空间属性的人工地图,我们校准了该方法并测试了其局限性,最终将其应用于一组观察到的地图。方法采用基于小波的加权互相关(WWCC)方法,研究分子云图中不同尺寸结构的相对贡献及其相关程度随空间尺度的变化,以及分子云图中结构的相互位移。结果我们测试了具有单一显著尺度的圆形结构和具有自相似行为的分形结构的WWCC。观测噪声和有限的地图尺寸限制了相互关联系数和位移矢量可以可靠测量的尺度。对于在所有尺度上包含许多结构的分形图,来自观测噪声的限制在信噪比≥5时可以忽略不计。我们提出了一种识别地图中相关结构的方法,该方法使我们能够定位单个相关结构并识别其形状,并提出了一种在自相似结构中恢复增强尺度的方法。将WWCC应用于巨分子云g333的观测线图,使我们能够在先前使用主成分分析获得的结果中添加特定的比例尺信息。WWCC证实了13co和C18O在所有尺度上的化学和激发相似性,但在高达7%的尺度上显示了HCN的偏差。这可以解释为化学跃迁标度。最大的结构也显示出沿着细丝的系统偏移,可能是由于大规模的密度梯度。结论WWCC可以比较不同分子云图中的相关结构,识别出代表结构变化的尺度,如化学和相变以及显著或增强的维度。
AimsWe propose a statistical tool to compare the scaling behaviour of turbulence in pairs of molecular cloud maps. Using artificial maps with well-defined spatial properties, we calibrate the method and test its limitations to apply it ultimately to a set of observed maps.MethodsWe develop the wavelet-based weighted cross-correlation (WWCC) method to study the relative contribution of structures of different sizes and their degree of correlation in two maps as a function of spatial scale, and the mutual displacement of structures in the molecular cloud maps.ResultsWe test the WWCC for circular structures having a single prominent scale and fractal structures showing a self-similar behaviour without prominent scales. Observational noise and a finite map size limit the scales on which the cross-correlation coefficients and displacement vectors can be reliably measured. For fractal maps containing many structures on all scales, the limitation from observational noise is negligible for signal-to-noise ratios ≳5. We propose an approach for the identification of correlated structures in the maps, which allows us to localize individual correlated structures and recognize their shapes and suggest a recipe for recovering enhanced scales in self-similar structures. The application of the WWCC to the observed line maps of the giant molecular cloud G 333 allows us to add specific scale information to the results obtained earlier using the principal component analysis. The WWCC confirms the chemical and excitation similarity of13CO and C18O on all scales, but shows a deviation of HCN at scales of up to 7 pc. This can be interpreted as a chemical transition scale. The largest structures also show a systematic offset along the filament, probably due to a large-scale density gradient.ConclusionsThe WWCC can compare correlated structures in different maps of molecular clouds identifying scales that represent structural changes, such as chemical and phase transitions and prominent or enhanced dimensions.
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