The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to β-glucopyranosides
The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to β-glucopyranosides
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DOI：
10.1038/ng1014
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
30.8
通讯作者：
Meyerhof, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bufe, B;Hofmann, T;Meyerhof, W
苦味通常会引起厌恶，从而保护人类免受有毒物质的侵害。但是苦味也有助于食品和饮料的适口性，从而影响人类的营养习惯（1）。虽然许多研究已经检查了苦味（2-6），但对潜在的受体机制仍然知之甚少。来自啮齿动物的解剖学、功能和遗传数据表明存在对苦味化合物有反应的受体家族（7-9）。在这里，我们报告说，这个家族的一个人类成员，TAS 2 R16，存在于舌头上的味觉受体细胞中，并被苦味β-吡喃葡萄糖苷激活。对这些植物营养素的反应在转染细胞和评估人类味觉的实验中显示出类似的浓度依赖性和脱敏。由通过β-糖苷键连接到葡萄糖上的疏水性残基组成的苦味化合物会激活TAS 2 R16。因此，TAS 2 R16将特定化学结构的识别与苦味的感知联系起来。如果TAS 2 R16检测具有共同分子特性的物质的能力是苦味受体家族的典型特征，那么它可以解释一些受体如何允许感知许多苦味物质。
Bitter taste generally causes aversion, which protects humans from ingesting toxic substances. But bitter flavors also contribute to the palatability of food and beverages, thereby influencing nutritional habits in humans(1). Although many studies have examined bitter taste(2-6), the underlying receptor mechanisms remain poorly understood. Anatomical, functional and genetic data from rodents suggest the existence of a family of receptors that are responsive to bitter compounds(7-9). Here we report that a human member of this family, TAS2R16, is present in taste receptor cells on the tongue and is activated by bitter beta-glucopyranosides. Responses to these phytonutrients show a similar concentration dependence and desensitization in transfected cells and in experiments assessing taste perception in humans. Bitter compounds consisting of a hydrophobic residue attached to glucose by a beta-glycosidic bond activate TAS2R16. Thus, TAS2R16 links the recognition of a specific chemical structure to the perception of bitter taste. If the ability of TAS2R16 to detect substances with common molecular properties is typical of the bitter receptor family, it may explain how a few receptors permit the perception of numerous bitter substances.