On the spatial and temporal shift in the archetypal seasonal temperature cycle as driven by annual and semi‐annual harmonics

On the spatial and temporal shift in the archetypal seasonal temperature cycle as driven by annual and semi‐annual harmonics
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关于年度和半年谐波驱动的典型季节性温度循环的空间和时间变化

DOI:
10.1002/env.2665
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
Wikle, Christopher K.
Wikle, Christopher K.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
North, Joshua S.;Schliep, Erin M.;Wikle, Christopher K.

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需要统计方法来评估和量化气候变化中环境过程的不确定性,例如陆地和海洋表面温度。通常,年度谐波用于表征季节性温度周期的变化。然而,气候季节周期的一个经常被忽视的特征是半年谐波,它可以解释季节周期方差的很大一部分,并且在空间上的幅度和相位发生变化。总之,年度和半年度谐波的空间变化可以在驱动与季节性相关的过程(例如生态和农业过程)中发挥重要作用。我们提出了一个多元时空模型来量化最低和最高温度季节周期的空间和时间变化作为年度和半年度谐波的函数。我们的方法通过空间和时间变化的系数来捕获这些谐波的空间依赖性、时间动态性和多元依赖性。我们将该模型应用于 1979-2018 年北美地区的最低和最高气温。贝叶斯范式内的正式模型推理能够识别由于两个谐波变化的相对影响而在最低和最高温度季节循环中经历显着变化的区域。
Statistical methods are required to evaluate and quantify the uncertainty in environmental processes, such as land and sea surface temperature, in a changing climate. Typically, annual harmonics are used to characterize the variation in the seasonal temperature cycle. However, an often overlooked feature of the climate seasonal cycle is the semi‐annual harmonic, which can account for a significant portion of the variance of the seasonal cycle and varies in amplitude and phase across space. Together, the spatial variation in the annual and semi‐annual harmonics can play an important role in driving processes that are tied to seasonality (e.g., ecological and agricultural processes). We propose a multivariate spatiotemporal model to quantify the spatial and temporal change in minimum and maximum temperature seasonal cycles as a function of the annual and semi‐annual harmonics. Our approach captures spatial dependence, temporal dynamics, and multivariate dependence of these harmonics through spatially and temporally varying coefficients. We apply the model to minimum and maximum temperature over North American for the years 1979–2018. Formal model inference within the Bayesian paradigm enables the identification of regions experiencing significant changes in minimum and maximum temperature seasonal cycles due to the relative effects of changes in the two harmonics.
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