Post-anthesis dry matter and nitrogen dynamics in durum wheat as affected by nitrogen supply and soil water availability
Post-anthesis dry matter and nitrogen dynamics in durum wheat as affected by nitrogen supply and soil water availability
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eja.2007.06.002
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Arduini, Iduna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ercoli, Laura;Lulli, Leonardo;Arduini, Iduna
硬粒小麦（Triticum durum Desf.）通常生长在旱地条件下，在那里，灌浆期间的环境压力会限制生产力，并增加对储存同化物的依赖。我们研究了施氮和未施氮硬粒小麦在灌浆期间不同程度水分亏缺下籽粒灌浆期间干物质和氮素的同化和再利用情况。两个硬粒小麦品种，Appio和Creso，种植在露天容器中的三个比率的氮肥（不施加，NO;正常量，NN;高量，NH）和四个水分制度在籽粒灌浆（充分灌溉处理，FI;低，LWS，中度，MWS和高水分胁迫，HWS）在2年。灌浆期氮素有效性对籽粒产量、干物质积累、氮素积累和运转有正效应，水分胁迫对籽粒产量、干物质积累和运转有负效应。严重的花后水分胁迫的籽粒产量的减少分别为27%和37%的NO和NN，并与籽粒重量的下降。每穗粒数也有一个小的负面影响。相反，灌浆的持续时间没有修改无论是水分胁迫或氮处理。严重的水分胁迫也减少了36和14%的NO植物和48和25%的NH植物的干物质积累和转运。同样，氮的积累和氮的再动员减少了43%和16%，在NO植物和51%和15%的NH植物。相反，低，中度水分胁迫没有实质性修改的模式，干物质和氮沉积在籽粒中。水分胁迫对干物质和氮素再利用的影响小于对氮素积累的影响，但不能抵消同化作用的减少，因而不能稳定干旱条件下的产量。(c)2007 Elsevier B.V保留所有权利。
Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is commonly grown in dryland conditions, where environmental stress during grain filling can limit productivity and increase the dependency on stored assimilate. We investigated current assimilation and remobilization of dry matter and nitrogen during grain filling in N fertilized and unfertilized durum wheat subjected to different levels of water deficit during grain filling. Two durum wheat varieties, Appio and Creso, were grown in open-air containers with three rates of nitrogen fertilizer (not applied, NO; normal amount, NN; high amount, NH) and four water regimes during grain filling (fully irrigated treatment, FI; low, LWS, moderate, MWS and high water stress, HWS) across 2 years. Grain yield and dry matter and N accumulation and remobilization were positively affected by N availability and negatively by water stress during grain filling. The reduction of grain yield by severe post-anthesis water stress amounted to 27 and 37% for NO and NN, respectively, and was associated with a decrease in kernel weight. There was also a small negative effect on the number of kernels per spike. Conversely, the duration of grain filling was not modified either by water stress or by nitrogen treatments. Severe water stress also reduced dry matter accumulation and remobilization by 36 and 14% in NO plants and by 48 and 25% in NH plants. Similarly, N accumulation and N remobilization was reduced by 43% and by 16% in NO plants and by 51% and by 15% in NH plants. Conversely, low and moderate water stress did not substantially modify the patterns of dry matter and nitrogen deposition in grain. Although remobilization of dry matter and N was less affected by water stress than accumulation, it was not able to counterbalance the reduction of assimilation and consequently it was not able to stabilize grain yield under drought. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.