Discharge Profiles across the Sleep-Waking Cycle of Identified Cholinergic, GABAergic, and Glutamatergic Neurons in the Pontomesencephalic Tegmentum of the Rat
Discharge Profiles across the Sleep-Waking Cycle of Identified Cholinergic, GABAergic, and Glutamatergic Neurons in the Pontomesencephalic Tegmentum of the Rat
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2617-13.2014
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发表时间：
2014-03-26
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Jones, Barbara E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boucetta, Soufiane;Cisse, Youssouf;Jones, Barbara E.
桥中脑被盖区的胆碱能神经元分布于背外侧被盖核和脚桥被盖核（LDT和PPT）内，长期以来被认为在唤醒（W）和异相睡眠（PS，也称为REM睡眠）期间刺激皮层激活以及促进肌肉张力的PS中起关键作用。然而，胆碱能神经元的放电特征和确切的作用仍然不确定，因为它们与GABA能和多巴胺能神经元混合，后者也可能承担这些作用。通过在自然睡眠-觉醒，头部固定的大鼠中应用脑细胞记录和标记，我们研究了组织化学鉴定的LDT，SubLDT和相邻的PPT内侧部分（MPPT）的胆碱能，GABA能和多巴胺能神经元的放电曲线与睡眠-觉醒状态，皮层活动和肌张力的关系。我们发现，所有胆碱能神经元在W和PS期间都是最大活性的，与快（γ）皮层活动呈正相关，即“W/PS-最大活性神经元”。与胆碱能神经元一样，许多GABA能和谷氨酸能神经元也具有W/PS-max活性。其他GABA能和谷氨酸能神经元是“PS最大活性”的，在W时活性最低，在PS时活性最高，与肌张力呈负相关。相反，一些多巴胺能神经元是“W-最大活性”的，在W期间最大活性，在PS期间最小活性，与肌张力呈正相关。通过不同的放电模式，LDT、SubLDT和MPPT的胆碱能、GABA能和多巴胺能神经元似乎在促进W和PS（皮层激活）、PS（肌张力减弱）或W（肌张力增强）中发挥不同的作用。
Distributed within the laterodorsal tegmental and pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei (LDT and PPT), cholinergic neurons in the pontomesencephalic tegmentum have long been thought to play a critical role in stimulating cortical activation during waking (W) and paradoxical sleep (PS, also called REM sleep), yet also in promoting PS with muscle atonia. However, the discharge profile and thus precise roles of the cholinergic neurons have remained uncertain because they lie intermingled with GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons, which might also assume these roles. By applying juxtacellular recording and labeling in naturally sleeping-waking, head-fixed rats, we investigated the discharge profiles of histochemically identified cholinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons in the LDT, SubLDT, and adjoining medial part of the PPT (MPPT) in relation to sleep-wake states, cortical activity, and muscle tone. We found that all cholinergic neurons were maximally active duringWand PS in positive correlation with fast (gamma) cortical activity, as "W/PS-max active neurons." Like cholinergic neurons, many GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons were also "W/PS-max active." Other GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons were "PS-max active," being minimally active duringWand maximally active during PS in negative correlation with muscle tone. Conversely, some glutamatergic neurons were "W-max active," being maximally active duringWand minimally active during PS in positive correlation with muscle tone. Through different discharge profiles, the cholinergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons of the LDT, SubLDT, andMPPTthus appear to play distinct roles in promotingWand PS with cortical activation, PS with muscle atonia, orWwith muscle tone.