Habitat use of bats in relation to wind turbines revealed by GPS tracking.
Habitat use of bats in relation to wind turbines revealed by GPS tracking.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep28961
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发表时间：
2016-07-04
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Voigt CC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roeleke M;Blohm T;Kramer-Schadt S;Yovel Y;Voigt CC
在世界范围内，许多国家旨在通过促进可再生能源来应对全球气候变化。然而，最近的研究强调，所谓的绿色能源，如风能，可能会以环境为代价，例如当风力涡轮机杀死鸟类和蝙蝠时。我们使用小型GPS记录仪研究了与风力涡轮机碰撞风险较高的开放空间觅食蝙蝠（常见的夜行动物Nyctalus noctula（Schreber，1774））如何与风力涡轮机相互作用。我们比较了实际的飞行轨迹相关的随机行走，以确定栖息地变量解释蝙蝠的运动。男女都喜欢湿地，但使用传统管理的农田比根据可用性预期的要少。在仲夏，雌性在相对较长的飞行路径上穿越陆地，并多次接近风力涡轮机。它们在地面上的飞行高度表明与风力涡轮机相撞的风险很高。相比之下，男性记录在初夏直接往返于栖息地和觅食区，总体飞行低于大多数涡轮机叶片的操作范围，这表明碰撞风险较低。蝙蝠的飞行高度表明，在夏季，与风力涡轮机碰撞的风险很高，大多数研究蝙蝠在大多数目前安装的风力涡轮机。在风电场选址时，应确定和避免首选蝙蝠栖息地和通勤路线。
Worldwide, many countries aim at countering global climate change by promoting renewable energy. Yet, recent studies highlight that so-called green energy, such as wind energy, may come at environmental costs, for example when wind turbines kill birds and bats. Using miniaturized GPS loggers, we studied how an open-space foraging bat with high collision risk with wind turbines, the common noctule Nyctalus noctula (Schreber, 1774), interacts with wind turbines. We compared actual flight trajectories to correlated random walks to identify habitat variables explaining the movements of bats. Both sexes preferred wetlands but used conventionally managed cropland less than expected based on availability. During midsummer, females traversed the land on relatively long flight paths and repeatedly came close to wind turbines. Their flight heights above ground suggested a high risk of colliding with wind turbines. In contrast, males recorded in early summer commuted straight between roosts and foraging areas and overall flew lower than the operating range of most turbine blades, suggesting a lower collision risk. Flight heights of bats suggest that during summer the risk of collision with wind turbines was high for most studied bats at the majority of currently installed wind turbines. For siting of wind parks, preferred bat habitats and commuting routes should be identified and avoided.