Participatory asymmetry: Theorizing media objects and media flows in a framework of participatory production
Participatory asymmetry: Theorizing media objects and media flows in a framework of participatory production
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参与性不对称：在参与性生产的框架中理论化媒体对象和媒体流
作者：
R. Grace;Frederico T. Fonseca
社交媒体形成了一种常见的不对称：很少人贡献很多，大多数人贡献很少。通过“参与性不对称”，我们将参与性生产的长尾理解为两种类型的社交媒体用户（定期和零星）之间的互动动态，这塑造了社交媒体空间的策划。通过研究围绕大规模开放在线课程（MOOCs）的在线讨论，我们观察到常规用户和零星用户之间的互动差异，这些差异在一家主要在线报纸的网络讨论论坛上形成了社交媒体策划模式。而普通用户直接回复其他用户，将持久清晰的讨论作为“媒体对象”；零星的用户发布一对多的消息，这些消息聚集在社交媒体的平台可重构级联或“媒体流”中。通过映射定期和零星参与、一对一和一对多互动以及媒体对象和流模式下的社交媒体空间策展之间的关系，我们提出了参与性不对称的四部分类型：广播、反馈、缓和和对话。
Social media develops a common asymmetry: few contribute much, the majority little. By “participatory asymmetry” we understand this long tail of participatory production as an interactive dynamic among two types of social media users, regular and sporadic, that shapes the curation of social media spaces. Examining online discussions surrounding massive, open, online courses (MOOCs), we observe interactive differences between regular and sporadic users that shape patterns of social media curation across the networked discussion forums of a major, online newspaper. Whereas regular users reply directly to other users to durably articulate discussions as “media objects;” sporadic users post one-to-many messages which aggregate in platform-reconfigurable cascades of social media or “media flows.” By mapping the relationship between regular and sporadic participation, one-to-one and one-to-many interaction, and the curation of social media spaces in patterns of media objects and flows, we propose a four-part typology of participatory asymmetry: broadcast, feedback, moderated, and dialogic.