Micro-Dynamics of Ice
Micro-Dynamics of Ice
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冰的微观动力学
DOI：
10.1016/j.jsg.2013.12.001
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
根据矿物和岩石的共同定义，冰既是矿物又是岩石。与常见的硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物相反，冰在自然条件下接近其融化温度，因此可以在地球表面通过韧性流动变形。高山冰川和极地冰盖的流动速度在人类的时间尺度上是可以观察到的，比通常认为的其他岩石快几个数量级。因此，冰提供了一个独特的机会来观察和研究岩石变形“活”。冰有很多面，从雪花到冰山，从裂缝中的脆性开裂到冰川和冰盖中的韧性流动。地球上的冰对人类社会有着直接的影响，也受到人类活动的强烈影响，从粗心的滑雪者造成的雪崩到可能使海平面上升的极地冰盖融化。随着全球变暖的潜在威胁，了解冰的行为以及对条件变化的反应至关重要。此外，极地冰盖包含独特的气候记录，现在可以通过深入钻探项目获得，这些项目可以到达数十万年前的冰层。微观结构，即颗粒、晶界和构成岩石的任何其他实体的排列，在两个方面很重要。首先，它控制岩石的力学性质。其次，它的研究使我们能够推导出岩石的历史，并通过归纳得出发生的过程和作用于岩石的边界条件。认识到这一点，欧洲科学基金会研究网络方案”冰的微观动力学”（Micro-DICE）鼓励对从雪到冰盖的冰的微观结构进行研究。本特刊收录了2011年在英国格拉斯哥大学地理与地球科学学院举办的冰和其他矿物数值模拟微型骰子研讨会的论文集。我们感谢《结构地质学杂志》邀请我们在其期刊上发表这些论文，这将有望弥合结构地质学家和冰川学家之间日益扩大的差距。特刊首先回顾了冰芯研究的历史概况（Faria等人，2013 a）和极地冰微观结构研究的最新进展综述（Faria等人，2013年b）。Wilson et al.（2013年）侧重于冰的微观结构和结构演化以及冰与其他矿物（特别是石英）之间的类比。Montagnat等人（2013）回顾了用于模拟冰的许多数值方法，从原子尺度到极地冰盖的尺度。这篇评论强调了冰的力学各向异性的重要性，以及这对建模者带来的挑战。
By the common definitions of a mineral and a rock, ice is both a mineral and a rock. Contrary to common silicate and carbonate minerals, ice is close to its melting temperature under natural conditions, and can therefore deform by ductile flow at the Earth's surface. Mountain glaciers and polar ice sheets flow at rates that are observable on human time scales, orders of magnitude faster than usually assumed for other rocks. Ice, therefore, provides a unique opportunity to observe and study rock deformation" live". Ice has many faces, from snowflakes to icebergs, from brittle cracking in crevasses to ductile flow in glaciers and ice sheets. Ice on Earth has a direct impact on human society and is also strongly influenced itself by human activity, from avalanches caused by a careless skier to melting of polar ice sheets that may raise the sea level. With global warming potentially looming, it is of paramount importance to understand how ice behaves and would react to changes in conditions. Furthermore, the polar ice sheets contain a unique climate record, which is now accessed through deep drilling projects that reach layers of ice that are hundreds of thousands of years old. Microstructure, the arrangement of grains, grain boundaries and any other entities that make up a rock, is important in two ways. First, it controls mechanical properties of rocks. Secondly, its study allows us to deduct the history of the rock, and by induction the processes that took place and boundary conditions acting on the rock. In recognition of this, the European Science Foundation Research Network Programme" Micro-Dynamics of Ice"(Micro-DICE) has encouraged research on microstructures in ice, from snow to ice sheets. This Special Issue contains a collection of papers resulting from a Micro-DICE Workshop on Numerical Modelling of Ice and Other Minerals, held at the School of Geographical and Earth Sciences at the University of Glasgow, UK, in 2011. We thank the Journal of Structural Geology for the invitation to publish these papers in its journal, which will hopefully bridge the growing gap between structural geologists and glaciologists.The Special Issue starts with a historical overview of the study of ice cores (Faria et al., 2013a) and a review of the state of the art on polar ice microstructure research (Faria et al., 2013b). The review of Wilson et al.(2013) focuses on ice microstructure and fabric evolution and the analogies between ice and other minerals, in particular quartz. Montagnat et al.(2013) review the many numerical approaches employed to simulate ice, from the atomic scale up to the scale of polar ice sheets. This review highlights the importance of the mechanical anisotropy of ice and the challenges this poses to modellers.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
C. Wilson;M. Peternell;S. Piazolo;V. Luzin
通讯作者：
C. Wilson;M. Peternell;S. Piazolo;V. Luzin
使用 FAME 量化多晶织物的微观结构演化：在冰原位变形中的应用
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Peternell;M. Dierckx;C. Wilson;S. Piazolo
通讯作者：
S. Piazolo
冰川前缘破裂和剪切带发育的二维数值模拟
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Koehn;T. Sachau
通讯作者：
T. Sachau
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Jens Roessiger;P. Bons;S. H. Faria
通讯作者：
Jens Roessiger;P. Bons;S. H. Faria