Nanostructuring of zirconium by femtosecond laser irradiation in the ambient environment of air and ethanol
Nanostructuring of zirconium by femtosecond laser irradiation in the ambient environment of air and ethanol
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijleo.2017.01.021
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Husinsky, Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ali, Nisar;Bashir, Shazia;Husinsky, Wolfgang
研究了纳米结构的形成、结构和力学性能的变化。为此，在空气和乙醇的环境中，钛宝石激光(800 nm，30fs，1 kHz)被用来产生从500到2000的不同数目的激光脉冲，通量为3.6J/cm(2)。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对辐照后的锆样进行了表面形貌观察。扫描电子显微镜分析表明，纳米激光诱导的周期性表面结构(LIPSS)、锥形结构、液滴、气孔和空洞的形成具有多种特征。由于液体的限制作用，在液体环境中形成了相对较细的LIPSS，其周期性明显较小。EDS分析表明，在这两种环境条件下，随着氧气扩散的增强，化学成分发生了变化。分别用X射线衍射仪和拉曼光谱技术对暴露靶材的晶体结构和物相进行了分析。X射线衍射分析证实，在空气和乙醇中烧蚀后，存在不同相的锆氧化物。拉曼分析支持能谱和X射线衍射谱的结果。它还揭示了在空气和乙醇环境中照射后氧化物的存在。气泡的对流运动和由于液体的限制效应而产生的压力梯度以及氧化物的产生是导致纳米结构发展的原因。纳米硬度测量表明，在空气环境中，随着激光脉冲数目的增加，纳米硬度增加，而在乙醇的情况下，纳米硬度下降。(C)2017年爱思唯尔股份有限公司。版权所有。
The formation of nanoscale structures, variation in structural and mechanical properties of zirconium has been investigated. For this purpose Ti: sapphire laser (800 nm, 30 fs, 1 kHz) was employed for varying number of laser pulses ranging from 500 to 2000, at a fluence of 3.6 J/cm(2) in ambient environments of air and ethanol. The surface morphology of irradiated zirconium samples was investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). SEM analysis shows the formation of various features including nanoscale Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS), conical structures, droplets, pores and cavities. Relatively fine LIPSS with significantly less periodicity are formed in liquid environment because of the confinement effects of liquid. EDS analysis exhibits variation in chemical composition along with enhanced diffusion of oxygen under both ambient conditions. The crystal structure and phase analysis of the exposed targets were explored by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy techniques, respectively. XRD analysis confirms presence of various phases of oxides of zirconium after ablation in both air and ethanol. Raman analysis supports the EDS and XRD results. It also reveals the presence of oxides after irradiation in both air and ethanol environments. Convective motion of bubbles and pressure gradient because of confinement effects of liquid accompanied with creation of oxides is attributable for the development of nanoscale structures. Nanohardness measurement shows an increase in nanohardness with increase in number of laser pulses after irradiation in air ambient whereas, in case of ethanol decrease in nanohardness is observed. (C) 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.