Regional differences of lake evolution across China during 1960s-2015 and its natural and anthropogenic causes
Regional differences of lake evolution across China during 1960s-2015 and its natural and anthropogenic causes
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1960-2015年中国湖泊演化的区域差异及其自然和人为原因
DOI：
10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.038
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Jia Yuanyuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang Guoqing;Yao T;ong;Chen Wenfeng;Zheng Guoxiong;Shum C K;Yang Kun;Piao Shilong;Sheng Yongwei;Yi Shuang;Li Junli;O'Reilly Catherine M;Qi Shuhua;Shen Samuel S P;Zhang Hongbo;Jia Yuanyuan
湖泊是人为气候变化的敏感指标，也对人类直接活动作出反应。然而，长期的湖泊清单和定量评估的驱动因素观察到的湖泊变化在中国仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们首次研究了1960年代至2015年期间中国湖泊面积的年代际变化，使用历史地形图和>3831个Landsat卫星图像，包括尺寸≥1 km2的湖泊。此外，我们量化了湖泊变化的气候和人为因素的原因。从20世纪60年代到2015年，中国湖泊总面积增加了5858.06 km2（9%），且空间变化不均匀。青藏高原、新疆和东北平原山区的湖泊面积分别增加了5676.75、1417.15和1134.87 km2（≥15%），而内蒙古高原的湖泊面积减少了1223.76 km2（22%）。我们发现，141个新的湖泊主要出现在干旱的西部中国，但333个湖泊，主要位于潮湿的东部中国，在过去的50年中已经消失。我们的结论是，气候因素在中国湖泊变化中发挥了主导作用，加上东部平原和云贵高原约35%的人为贡献。本研究对提高我国水资源管理战略和土地利用规划的决策支持水平具有重要意义。
Lakes are sensitive indicators of anthropogenic climate change and also respond to direct human activities. Yet, long-term lake inventories and quantitative evaluation of the factors driving observed lake changes across China remain elusive. Here, for the first time, we examined multi-decadal lake area changes in China during 1960s–2015, using historical topographic maps and >3831 Landsat satellite images, including lakes as fine as ≥1 km2in size. In addition, we quantified the causes of lake changes from climatic and anthropogenic factors. The total area of lakes in China has increased by 5858.06 km2(9%) between 1960s and 2015, and with heterogeneous spatial variations. Lake area changes in the Tibetan Plateau, Xinjiang, and Northeast Plain and Mountain regions reveal significant increases of 5676.75, 1417.15, 1134.87 km2(≥15%), respectively, but the Inner-Mongolian Plateau shows an obvious decrease of 1223.76 km2(22%). We find that 141 new lakes have appeared predominantly in the arid western China; but 333 lakes, mainly located in the humid eastern China, have disappeared over the past five decades. We conclude that climate factors have played a dominant role in lake changes across China, coupled with noticeable anthropogenic contribution of ~35% in the Eastern Plain and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. This study has substantial implications to improve decision support regarding water-resource management strategies and land-use planning throughout China.