Characteristics Analysis of Pollutant Influx and Outflux in Dongting Lake
Characteristics Analysis of Pollutant Influx and Outflux in Dongting Lake
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
Tian Ze-bi
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作者：
Tian Ze-bi
污染物的进出特性分析对于研究洞庭湖与长江、洞庭湖与其上游河流的关系具有重要意义。根据2010年洞庭湖主要监测断面的水文和水质资料，计算了洞庭湖上游四个支流(湘、紫、苑、里)和三个进水口(松子、太平、欧池)的污染物入湖量。并对城陵矶口的污染物排放进行了研究。此外，还分析了污染物通量的时空变化和源贡献。结果表明，通过4个上游支流和3个进水口的CODMn、NH4+-N和TP分别为44.47×104、67.49×103和15.03×103t。CODMn、NH4+-N和TP的总出通量为73。2010年为69×104、82.46×103、21.88×103t。峰值出现在6~7月，受降水和水流特征的影响。三个进水口的入库流量与三峡水库的调度调度过程密切相关。在空间分布上，洞庭湖的污染物负荷主要来自四大水系(82。82%-87%。54%)，贡献最大的是湘江和袁河。与长江相连的三个进水口只贡献了12.46%-17%。占总污染量的18%。此外，在进一步分析历史文献的基础上，获得了更多的信息。2010年(三峡大坝建成后)与1999-2002年(三峡大坝建成前)相比，三个进水口的径流量减少了三分之一，CODMn、NH4+-N和TP的入渗量减少了49%。27%-53%。19%。但是，这种变化的特点和影响还需要长期观察和进一步研究。除了四条上游河流和三个进水口外，湖区周边径流和湖面降水也对污染物入库有影响，但贡献相对较小。洞庭湖污染防治应以控制上游河流和入湖入湖为首要任务，同时也应加强湖区周围的面源污染控制。
Characteristics analysis of pollutant influx and outflux is important to examine the relationship between Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River,as well as Dongting Lake and its upstream rivers. Based on hydrological and water quality data in the main monitoring sections in 2010,pollutant influxes from four upstream branches( Xiang,Zi,Yuan and Li) and three water inlets( Songzi,Taiping and Ouchi) were calculated for Dongting Lake. The pollutant outflux of Chenglingji outlet was studied as well. Furthermore,spatial-temporal variations and source contributions of pollutant flux were analyzed. The results showed that the pollutant influxes of CODMn,NH4+-N( ammonia nitrogen) and TP( total phosphorus) through the four upstream branches and three water inlets were 44.47 ×104,67.49 ×103and 15. 03 × 103 t,respectively. The total outfluxes of CODMn,NH4+-N and TP were 73. 69 × 104,82.46 ×103,21.88 ×103t in 2010.As for the temporal distributions,uneven monthly pollutant influx during the year was found. A peak value was observed from June to July,which was affected by the characteristics of precipitation and the water flow. The influxes of the three water inlets were significantly correlated with the scheduling operation process of the Three Gorges Reservoir. As for the spatial distribution,the pollutant load of Dongting Lake was mainly from the four rivers system( 82. 82%-87. 54%),with the greatest contribution from the Xiang and Yuan Rivers. The three water inlets in connectionwith the Yangtze River only contributed 12. 46%-17. 18% of the total pollutant influx. In addition,more information was achieved based on further analysis of historical documents. Comparing data from 2010( after the Three Gorges Dam was built) with 1999-2002( before the dam was built),the runoff from the three water inlets was reduced by one-third,and the influxes of CODMn,NH4+-N and TP were reduced 49. 27%-53. 19%. However,the characteristics and influence of the change still requires long-term observation and further study. In addition to the four upstream rivers and three water inlets,the runoff around the lake area and precipitation on the surface of the lake also affects the pollutant influx,but the contribution from them is relatively small. For pollution prevention in Dongting Lake,controlling the pollutant influxes from the upstream rivers and water inlets should be the first focus,while non-point source pollution control around the lake area should also be strengthened.