SIBLING COMPETITION, PARENT OFFSPRING CONFLICT AND CLUTCH SIZE
SIBLING COMPETITION, PARENT OFFSPRING CONFLICT AND CLUTCH SIZE
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DOI：
10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80106-x
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发表时间：
1992-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
PARKER, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GODFRAY, HCJ;PARKER, GA
群体遗传模型表明，兄弟姐妹之间对资源的剥削竞争往往会导致后代健康状况的严重下降。由于父母最优通常是不存在竞争，因此兄弟姐妹竞争的存在是亲子冲突的一个方面。表型技术是为模拟巢中的兄弟姐妹竞争而开发的，其中所有成员都具有平等的竞争能力。模型模拟了两种形式的兄弟竞争，一种是雏鸟之间的竞争，另一种是群居昆虫幼虫之间的竞争。表型模型证实了遗传分析，并允许研究同胞竞争和窝数之间的关系（遗传模型假设无限的窝数）。冲突可能会随着窝数的大小而增加或减少，具体取决于竞争成本如何在窝里的成员之间分摊。研究还表明，在存在兄弟姐妹竞争的情况下，父母可能会被选择生产比没有兄弟姐妹竞争时最佳的小窝。
Population genetic models have shown that exploitation competition for resources between siblings can often lead to severe reductions in offspring fitness. As the parental optimum is normally the absence of competition, the presence of sibling competition is an aspect of parent-offspring conflict. Phenotypic techniques are developed for modelling sibling competition in broods where all members have equal competitive ability. Two forms of sibling competition are modelled, one suggested by competition between nestling birds, and the second suggested by competition between the larvae of gregarious insects. The phenotypic models confirm the genetic analysis and allow the study of the relationship between sibling competition and clutch size (the genetic models assumed infinite clutch size). Conflict may either increase or decrease with clutch size depending on how the costs of competition are spread among the members of the brood. It is also shown that in the presence of sibling competition, parents may be selected to produce smaller clutches than those that would be optimum in the absence of sibling competition.