Rote of soil microbes in the rhizospheres of plants growing on trace metal contaminated soils in phytoremediation
Rote of soil microbes in the rhizospheres of plants growing on trace metal contaminated soils in phytoremediation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.02.006
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Khan, AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khan, AG
本文综述了微量金属污染土壤原位生物修复的研究进展，重点介绍了植物根际微生物动力学及其在植物修复中的意义。在非农业条件下，促进植物生长的根际细菌（PGPR），溶磷细菌，菌根帮助细菌（MHB）和丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）在保持土壤肥力的自然作用比在传统的农业，园艺和林业中更重要，在这些领域，农业化学品的大量使用使其重要性降低。当达到特定的种群密度时，这些微生物会发起协调一致的行动，即群体感应。AMF还通过宿主根释放的信号识别宿主，从而实现功能性共生。AM真菌产生一种不溶性糖蛋白，球囊霉素，螯合微量元素，它应该被考虑用于生物稳定，导致修复污染的土壤。从溶液培养的金属吸收动力学的研究得出的结论可能是无效的，更复杂的现场条件和使用的一些组合的温室和田间实验中发生在同一植物群落内的生物体的建议。植物提取策略，如接种植物用于植物修复与适当的重金属适应根瘤菌群，共种植系统涉及非菌根超富集植物和非积累，但菌根与适当的AMF，或预种植与真菌营养作物系统，以优化植物修复过程，值得进一步的实地调查。还需要提高我们对根际微生物群转移和动员微量元素的机制的理解，并对从重金属污染土壤上生长的植物根际微生物分离物的选择进行研究。这是必要的，如果我们要提高成功的植物修复的机会。(c)2005年由Elsevier GmbH出版。
This article reviews recent developments in in situ bioremediation of trace metal contaminated soils, with particular reference to the microbial dynamics in the rhizospheres of plants growing on such soils and their significance in phytoremediation. In non-agricultural conditions, the natural role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), P-solubilizing bacteria, mycorrhizal-helping bacteria (MHB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in maintaining soil fertility is more important than in conventional agriculture, horticulture, and forestry where higher use of agrochemicals minimize their significance. These microbes initiate a concerted action when a particular population density is achieved, i.e. quorum sensing. AMF also recognize their host by signals released by host roots, allowing a functional symbiosis. AM fungi produce an insoluble glycoprotein, glomalin, which sequester trace elements and it should be considered for biostabilization leading to remediation of contaminated soils. Conclusions drawn from studies of metal uptake kinetics in solution cultures may not be valid for more complex field conditions and use of some combination of glasshouse and field experiments with organisms that occur within the same plant community is suggested. Phytoextraction strategies, such as inoculation of plants to be used for phytoremediation with appropriate heavy metal adapted rhizobial microflora, co-cropping system involving a non-mycorrhizal hyperaccumulator plant and a non-accumulator but mycorrhizal with appropriate AMF, or pre-cropping with mycotrophic crop systems to optimize phytoremediation processes, merit further field level investigations. There is also a need to improve our understanding of the mechanisms involved in transfer and mobilization of trace elements by rhizosphere microbiota and to conduct research on selection of microbial isolates from rhizosphere of plants growing on heavy metal contaminated soils for specific restoration programmes. This is necessary if we are to improve the chances of successful phytoremediation. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier GmbH.