Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in the Wastewater Treatment Plants.
Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in the Wastewater Treatment Plants.
复制标题
在废水处理厂打击抗生素耐药性的策略。
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.02603
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Munir M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barancheshme F;Munir M
本文的主要目的是回顾不同的处理策略和机制，以打击抗生素耐药细菌（ARB）和抗生素耐药基因（ARG）在废水环境中。大量的抗生素被释放到废水中，这可能会促进ARB和ARG的选择，从而进入自然环境。新出现的微生物病原体和其中日益增加的抗生素耐药性是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。ARB和ARG在环境中的繁殖和传播可能导致抗生素耐药性微生物病原体的增加，这是一个全球性的环境和公共卫生问题。在将废水排入河流、湖泊或污水系统之前，必须对其进行适当处理，以防止ARB和ARG扩散到环境中。本综述讨论了用于防止ARB和ARGs在污水处理厂（WWTP）中扩散的各种处理方案。据报道，低能耗厌氧-好氧处理反应器，人工湿地和消毒工艺已显示出良好的去除效果。纳米材料和生物炭结合其他处理方法和混凝工艺是去除ARB和ARGs的最新策略，需要更多的调查和研究。根据目前的研究，根据存在的基因类型和使用的处理工艺，可以实现广泛的ARGs去除效率，但仍存在差距，需要进一步研究。为了找到控制抗生素耐药性在环境中传播的解决方案，重要的是（1）长时间大规模研究创新策略，以达到实际评估，（2）开展风险评估研究，以准确了解ARB/ARG的发生和丰度，从而确定其对人类健康的潜在风险，及（3）考虑影响各处理机制效率的操作及环境因素。
The main goal of this manuscript is to review different treatment strategies and mechanisms for combating the antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in the wastewater environment. The high amount of antibiotics is released into the wastewater that may promote selection of ARB and ARGs which find their way into natural environments. Emerging microbial pathogens and increasing antibiotic resistance among them is a global public health issue. The propagation and spread of ARB and ARGs in the environment may result in an increase of antibiotic resistant microbial pathogens which is a worldwide environmental and public health concern. A proper treatment of wastewater is essential before its discharge into rivers, lake, or sewage system to prevent the spread of ARB and ARGs into the environment. This review discusses various treatment options applied for combating the spread of ARB and ARGs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It was reported that low-energy anaerobic–aerobic treatment reactors, constructed wetlands, and disinfection processes have shown good removal efficiencies. Nanomaterials and biochar combined with other treatment methods and coagulation process are very recent strategies regarding ARB and ARGs removal and need more investigation and research. Based on current studies a wide-ranging removal efficiency of ARGs can be achieved depending on the type of genes present and treatment processes used, still, there are gaps that need to be further investigated. In order to find solutions to control dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the environment, it is important to (1) study innovative strategies in large scale and over a long time to reach an actual evaluation, (2) develop risk assessment studies to precisely understand occurrence and abundance of ARB/ARGs so that their potential risks to human health can be determined, and (3) consider operating and environmental factors that affect the efficiency of each treatment mechanism.
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