Effect of the callipyge gene on muscle growth, calpastatin activity, and tenderness of three muscles across the growth curve.
Effect of the callipyge gene on muscle growth, calpastatin activity, and tenderness of three muscles across the growth curve.
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callipyge 基因对生长曲线上三块肌肉的肌肉生长、钙蛋白酶活性和压痛的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
N. Cockett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Duckett;G. Snowder;N. Cockett
对20只活重分别为7、20、36、52和69 kg的阉羊和20只正常羊的肌肉生长、钙pastatin活性和3块肌肉压痛的变化进行了评估。死后24小时，取下最长肌（LM）、半膜肌（SM）和棘上肌（SS）并称重，取钙pastatin活性（CA； 24小时）和Warner-Bratzler剪切力（WBS; 6 d）样品。肌肉质量和钙pastatin活性方面，体重组x肌肉组x表型互作显著（P < 0.05）。在7 kg LW时，3种肌肉的表型间肌肉重量相似（P > 0.05）。在20 kg LW时，callipyge羔羊的LM和SM肌肉较正常羔羊重（P < 0.05）；然而，在7、20和52 kg的表型之间，SS没有差异（P < 0.05）。在20 ~ 69 kg LW，肉糜羊的LM和SM体重分别比正常羔羊重42%和49% （P < 0.05）。在36、52和69 kg时，脂肪肝的钙pastatin活性显著高于正常肝（P < 0.05）。在callipyge LM中，CA在20、36和52 kg LW时相似（P > 0.05），与7 kg或69 kg值无差异（P > 0.05）。SM和SS的Calpastatin活性在生长曲线上呈下降趋势（P < 0.05），但肉糜羔羊的Calpastatin活性高于正常羔羊（P < 0.05）。在36、52和69 kg LW时，正常羔羊的LM剪切力值低于callipyge羔羊（P < 0.05）。SM和SS羔羊的WBS值在整个生长曲线上均呈下降趋势（P < 0.05），但SM羔羊的WBS值高于SS羔羊（P < 0.05）。这些数据表明，callipyge表型的选择性肌肉肥大发生在出生后7 ~ 20 kg LW（19 ~ 100日龄）的生长期。20 ~ 69 kg LW时，callipyge羔羊的最长肌和半膜肌增重40%以上；然而，在这段时间内，它们也有更高水平的钙pastatin活性和Warner-Bratzler剪切力，这表明需要在死后进行嫩化处理以提高适口性。
Changes in muscle growth, calpastatin activity, and tenderness of three muscles were assessed in 20 callipyge and 20 normal wether lambs slaughtered at live weights (LW) of 7, 20, 36, 52, and 69 kg. At 24 h postmortem, the longissimus (LM), semimembranosus (SM), and supraspinatus (SS) muscles were removed and weighed and samples were obtained for calpastatin activity (CA; 24 h) and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS; aged 6 d). For muscle weights and calpastatin activity, the weight group x muscle x phenotype interaction was significant (P < 0.05). Muscle weights were similar (P > 0.05) between phenotypes for all three muscles at 7 kg LW. At 20 kg LW, the LM and SM muscles from the callipyge lambs were heavier (P < 0.05) than those from normal lambs; however, the SS did not differ (P > 0.05) between phenotypes at 7, 20, or 52 kg. From 20 to 69 kg LW, the LM and SM weights were 42 and 49% heavier (P < 0.05) for callipyge than for normal lambs. Calpastatin activity of the callipyge LM was greater (P < 0.05) than that of normal LM at 36, 52, and 69 kg. In the callipyge LM, CA was similar (P > 0.05) at 20, 36, and 52 kg LW and did not differ (P > 0.05) from 7-kg or 69-kg values. Calpastatin activity declined (P < 0.05) across the growth curve for the SM and SS, but values were higher (P < 0.05) in the SM in callipyge than in normal lambs. Shear force values of the LM were lower (P < 0.05) for normal lambs at 36, 52, and 69 kg LW than for callipyge lambs. In the SM and SS, WBS values decreased (P < 0.05) across the growth curve, but values were higher (P < 0.05) for callipyge lambs in the SM only. These data indicate that the selective muscular hypertrophy of the callipyge phenotype develops during the postnatal growth period between 7 and 20 kg LW (19 and 100 d of age). Longissimus and semimembranosus muscles in the callipyge lambs were over 40% heavier from 20 to 69 kg LW; however, they also had higher levels of calpastatin activity and Warner-Bratzler shear force during this time period, indicating the need for postmortem tenderization treatments to improve palatability.