Association of the severity of cortical damage with the occurrence of spontaneous seizures and hyperexcitability in an animal model of posttraumatic epilepsy
Association of the severity of cortical damage with the occurrence of spontaneous seizures and hyperexcitability in an animal model of posttraumatic epilepsy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.03.007
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Pitkanen, Asla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kharatishvili, Irina;Pitkanen, Asla
创伤后癫痫是人类创伤性脑损伤的常见后果。创伤后癫痫发生的主要预测因素包括损伤的严重程度和皮质挫伤的发生。然而，皮质病变的大小或位置对癫痫发生风险的影响知之甚少。在此，我们研究了皮质损伤的程度和位置及其与癫痫发作阈值降低和自发性癫痫发作发生的关系，研究对象是77只在12个月前经历了中度或重度侧向液压冲击脑损伤（FPBI）的大鼠。通过视频脑电图监测检测自发性癫痫发作，并根据戊四氮（PTZ）试验确定癫痫发作阈值降低情况。在四个不同的实验中，使用卡瓦列里估计法从硫堇染色切片评估皮质萎缩情况，这些实验中的大鼠要么发生自发性反复癫痫发作（即癫痫），要么癫痫发作阈值降低。我们的数据显示，与无癫痫的动物相比，癫痫动物损伤同侧的皮质损伤更严重，且向尾侧延伸得更远（p<0.05）。在癫痫动物中，损伤同侧皮质的总体积损失为31.4±2.8%，而在无癫痫动物中为18.6±2.1%（p<0.001）。在所有癫痫动物中，损伤同侧的皮质萎缩延伸至 retrosplenial和perirhinal皮质区域，而在无癫痫动物中，萎缩主要局限于损伤部位周围的皮质区域。在癫痫动物中，损伤同侧的皮质萎缩与癫痫发作阈值降低显著相关（r = -0.68，p<0.001），但在无癫痫动物中无此相关性。我们的研究结果表明，皮质萎缩的程度和位置可能是创伤后癫痫发生的重要决定因素。
Posttraumatic epilepsy is a common consequence of traumatic brain injury in humans. Major predictors for the development of posttraumatic epilepsy include the severity of injury and occurrence of cortical contusions. The effect of the size or location of the cortical lesion on the risk of epileptogenesis, however, is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the extent and location of cortical damage and its association with a lowered seizure threshold and the occurrence of spontaneous seizures in rats (n=77) that had experienced moderate or severe lateral fluid-percussion brain injury (FPBI) 12 months earlier. Spontaneous seizures were detected with video-electroencephalography monitoring and a lowered seizure threshold was determined based on a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) test. Cortical atrophy was evaluated from thionin-stained sections using the Cavalieri estimation in four different experiments in which rats developed either spontaneous recurrent seizures (i.e., epilepsy) or a lowered seizure threshold. Our data show that damage to the cortex ipsilateral to the injury was more severe and extended more caudally in epileptic animals than in those without epilepsy (p