The epidemiology of drowning worldwide.
The epidemiology of drowning worldwide.
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DOI：
10.1076/icsp.10.4.195.16772
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McGee, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Peden, M M;McGee, K
这项分析的目的是量化全世界溺水和濒临溺水造成的死亡和残疾的程度，并提供流行病学数据，作为预防工作的基础。所有数据均来自2000年全球疾病负担(第1版)估计数，其中死亡和残疾以世卫组织国际疾病分类为基础。根据年龄、性别和世卫组织地区进行外推。根据1998年《世界发展指标》，世界卫生组织的六个区域被进一步划分为高收入、低收入和中等收入。根据GBD 2000年的数据，全世界估计有449,000人溺水(每100,000人中有7.4人)，另有130万人因过早死亡或溺水致残而丧失伤残调整寿命年。97%的溺水事件发生在低收入和中等收入国家。尽管38%的溺水发生在西太平洋地区，但非洲的溺水死亡率最高(每10万人中有13.1人溺水)。在所有年龄段和所有地区，男性的溺水死亡率都高于女性。在世卫组织所有区域中，5岁以下儿童溺水死亡率最高，但非洲除外，那里5至14岁儿童的死亡率最高。在世界范围内，对于15岁以下的儿童来说，溺水的死亡率高于任何其他伤害原因。溺水是世界范围内的一个重大问题，对15岁以下的儿童尤其如此。低收入和中等收入国家溺水率最高，占此类死亡人数的90%以上。因此，初级预防工作应集中在这些国家，在这些国家，许多不会游泳的儿童在大片水域中溺水身亡。
The purpose of this analysis was to quantify the magnitude of death and disability from drowning and near-drowning worldwide and to provide epidemiological data on which to base prevention efforts. All data are from the Global Burden of Disease 2000 (Version 1) estimates in which deaths and disabilities are based on the WHO International Classification of Diseases. Extrapolations were made by age, sex, and WHO region. The six WHO regions of the world were further divided into high-income, and low- and middle-income based on the 1998 World Development indicators. According to the GBD 2000 data, an estimated 449,000 people drowned worldwide (7.4 per 100,000 population) and a further 1.3 million Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were lost as a result of premature death or disability from drowning. 97% of drownings occurred in low- and middle-income countries. Although 38% of drownings occurred in the Western Pacific Region, Africa had the highest drowning mortality rate (13.1 per 100,000 population). Males had higher drowning mortality rates than females for all ages and in all regions. Children under the age of 5 years had the highest drowning mortality rate for both sexes in all of the WHO regions except for Africa, where children aged 5 to 14 years had the highest mortality rate. Worldwide, for children under the age of 15 years, drowning accounted for a higher mortality rate than any other cause of injury. Drowning is a significant problem worldwide particularly for children under the age of 15 years. Low- and middle-income countries have the highest rates of drowning and account for more than 90% of such fatalities. Primary prevention efforts should thus be focused on these countries where many children who cannot swim drown in large bodies of water.