Structural and functional diversity of Topologically Associating Domains.
Structural and functional diversity of Topologically Associating Domains.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.febslet.2015.08.044
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发表时间：
2015-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Heard E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dekker J;Heard E
最近的研究表明，在一系列生物体的染色体划分在不同类型的染色质结构域。在哺乳动物中，染色体形成由较小的拓扑关联结构域（TADs）组成的区室。TADs被认为代表了基因调控的功能域，但关于它们的形成机制以及它们如何对嵌入的基因发挥调控作用仍然是未知的。此外，在其他生物体中也发现了类似的结构域，包括苍蝇、蠕虫、真菌和细菌。虽然在所有这些情况下，这些结构域看起来相似，如通过基于3C的方法检测到的，但它们的生物学似乎是相当不同的，其中涉及它们形成的蛋白质复合物的差异和它们内部组织的差异。在这里，我们概述了我们目前的理解，这些领域在不同的生物体和它们在基因调控中的作用。
Recent studies have shown that chromosomes in a range of organisms are compartmentalized in different types of chromatin domains. In mammals, chromosomes form compartments that are composed of smaller Topologically Associating Domains (TADs). TADs are thought to represent functional domains of gene regulation but much is still unknown about the mechanisms of their formation and how they exert their regulatory effect on embedded genes. Further, similar domains have been detected in other organisms, including flies, worms, fungi and bacteria. Although in all these cases these domains appear similar as detected by 3C-based methods, their biology appears to be quite distinct with differences in the protein complexes involved in their formation and differences in their internal organization. Here we outline our current understanding of such domains in different organisms and their roles in gene regulation.