Influence of mouldboard plough and rotary harrow tillage on microbial biomass and nutrient stocks in two long-term experiments on loess derived Luvisols
Influence of mouldboard plough and rotary harrow tillage on microbial biomass and nutrient stocks in two long-term experiments on loess derived Luvisols
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.09.011
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Joergensen, Rainer Georg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heinze, Stefanie;Rauber, Rolf;Joergensen, Rainer Georg
在黄土淋溶土上进行的两个长期试验中，研究了耕作对微生物活性（基础呼吸）、微生物生物量（C、N、P、S）指数和真菌细胞膜组分麦角甾醇的营养效应。在大约40年的时间里，将一种铧式犁（30厘米耕作深度）处理与一种旋转耙（8厘米耕作深度）处理进行了比较。与翻耕处理相比，转耙处理使0-30 cm土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷的平均储量分别增加了8%、6%和4%，但对全硫的储量无显著影响。两个试验地点的耕作效果相同，但两个试验地点之间的差异通常比两个耕作处理之间的差异更大。转耙处理导致0-30 cm深度的微生物生物量C（+18%）、N（+25%）和P（+32%）的平均储量显著增加，麦角甾醇储量显著降低（-26%），但对微生物生物量Sot的平均基础呼吸速率没有主要影响。微生物量C/N（6.4）和C/P（25）不受耕作处理的影响。相比之下，微生物量C/S比显着增加，从34到43和麦角甾醇-微生物量C比显着降低，从0.20%到0.13%，在旋转耙与犁处理相比。微生物量碳与土壤有机碳的比值在翻耕处理中变化在2.1%左右，而在旋耙处理中从0-10 cm深度的2.6%下降到20-30 cm深度的2.0。代谢商qCO（2）揭示了土壤微生物生物量碳与土壤有机碳比值与深度和处理的反相关关系。旋转耙管理导致微生物营业额减少，结合提高微生物基质利用效率和腐食性真菌对土壤微生物群落的贡献较低。这与其他地方报道的观点形成对比，并指出需要更多关于耕地土壤真菌群落内耕作引起的变化的信息。(C)2010 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The nutrient-specific effects of tillage on microbial activity (basal respiration), microbial biomass (C, N, P, S) indices and the fungal cell-membrane component ergosterol were examined in two long-term experiments on loess derived Luvisols. A mouldboard plough (30 cm tillage depth) treatment was compared with a rotary harrow (8 cm tillage depth) treatment over a period of approximately 40 years. The rotary harrow treatment led to a significant 8% increase in the mean stocks of soil organic C, 6% of total N and 4% of total Pat 0-30 cm depth compared with the plough treatment, but had no main effect on the stocks of total S. The tillage effects were identical at both sites, but the differences between the sites of the two experiments were usually stronger than those between the two tillage treatments. The rotary harrow treatment led to a significant increase in the mean stocks of microbial biomass C (+18%), N (+25%), and P (+32%) and to a significant decrease in the stocks of ergosterol (-26%) at 0-30 cm depth, but had no main effect on the stocks of microbial biomass Sot on the mean basal respiration rate. The mean microbial biomass C/N (6.4) and C/P (25) ratios were not affected by the tillage treatments. In contrast, the microbial biomass C/S ratio was significantly increased from 34 to 43 and the ergosterol-to-microbial biomass C ratio significantly decreased from 0.20% to 0.13% in the rotary harrow in comparison with the plough treatment. The microbial biomass C-to-soil organic C ratio varied around 2.1% in the plough treatment and declined from 2.6% at 0-10 cm depth to 2.0 at 20-30 cm depth in the rotary harrow treatment. The metabolic quotient qCO(2) revealed exactly the inverse relationships with depth and treatment to the microbial biomass C-to-soil organic C ratio. Rotary harrow management caused a reduction in the microbial turnover in combination with an improved microbial substrate use efficiency and a lower contribution of saprotrophic fungi to the soil microbial community. This contrasts the view reported elsewhere and points to the need for more information on tillage-induced shifts within the fungal community in arable soils. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.