The importance of localized hunting of diverse animals to early inhabitants of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau at the Neolithic site of Xiaoenda
The importance of localized hunting of diverse animals to early inhabitants of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau at the Neolithic site of Xiaoenda
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2019.09.019
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发表时间：
2019-09
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Zhengwei Zhang;Zujun Chen;F. Marshall;Hongliang Lü;Ximena Lemoine;T. Wangyal;Tsepa Dorje;Xinyi Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhengwei Zhang;Zujun Chen;F. Marshall;Hongliang Lü;Ximena Lemoine;T. Wangyal;Tsepa Dorje;Xinyi Liu
在过去的十年里，对人类群体何时以及如何与青藏高原不同地区接触和定居的理解已经大大扩展。全新世中晚期的研究主要集中在物质文化传统和耕作制度在长期定居过程中的作用。在本文中，我们将重点转移到探索用于适应青藏高原东部生活的基于动物的生存策略。口径在5000到4000之间。BP，Xiaoenda代表了该地区已知的最古老的新石器时代遗址之一。来自小恩达的新的动物考古数据显示，该遗址的居民依赖于各种各样的野生动物类群。这与之前关于该地区家畜作用的说法形成鲜明对比。小恩达位于高地和多个低海拔集水区之间，可以接触到一系列野生猎物。动物考古学数据表明，孝恩达的居民利用了这一点，实行了多样化的本地化狩猎策略。我们的研究结果表明，人们在孝恩达依赖于野生动物，而不是家养动物，并表明在第五个千年BP期间，在促进持续占领青藏高原东部的野生游戏的作用。
Understanding of when and how human groups engaged with and settled different regions of the Tibetan Plateau has been greatly extended in the past decade. Research on the mid/late Holocene has focused on the roles of material cultural traditions and cropping systems in the process of long-term settlement. In this paper, we shift the focus to exploreanimal-based subsistence strategies used to adapt to life on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Dated to between 5000 and 4000 cal. BP, Xiaoenda represents one of the oldest Neolithic sites known in this region. New zooarchaeological data from Xiaoenda reveals that the site's inhabitants relied on a diverse array of wild animal taxa. This contrasts with previous assertions regarding the role of domestic animals in this region. Xiaoenda's location between highland and multiple lower elevation catchment zones allowed access to a range of wild prey species. Zooarchaeological data indicate that the inhabitants of Xiaoenda took advantage of this, practicing a diverse localized hunting strategy. Our findings demonstrate that people at Xiaoenda depended on wild rather than domestic animals and indicate a role for wild game in facilitating continuous occupation in the eastern Tibetan Plateau during the fifth millennium BP.