Eye movements and their functions in everyday tasks
Eye movements and their functions in everyday tasks
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DOI：
10.1038/eye.2014.275
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Foulsham, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foulsham, T.
人类的扫视和注视在复杂的日常任务中有许多功能，有时在简单的实验情况下被忽视。在这篇综述中，我描述了在现实世界中与物体互动时，在自然环境中行走时以及在进行谈话时眼球运动行为的一些特征。当我们在现实世界中执行动作并在世界各地行走时，我们会在任务的关键时间点上关注相关特征。这些注视之间的眼球运动是与头部和身体运动一起计划和协调的，通常在相应动作之前很短的时间内发生。在社会交往中，眼球运动既是一种获取信息的机制（例如，当看着某人的脸或跟随他们的目光时），也是向另一个人发出注意信号的机制。因此，眼球运动是特定于特定任务环境的，并且在日常活动中受到高级计划和控制。
Human saccades and fixations have numerous functions in complex everyday tasks, which have sometimes been neglected in simple experimental situations. In this review I describe some of the characteristics of eye movement behaviour during real-world interactions with objects, while walking in natural environments and while holding a conversation. When performing real-world actions and walking around the world, we fixate relevant features at critical time points during the task. The eye movements between these fixations are planned and coordinated alongside head and body movements, often occurring a short time before the corresponding action. In social interactions, eye movements are both a mechanism for taking in information (for example, when looking at someone's face or following their gaze) and for signalling one's attention to another person. Thus eye movements are specific to a particular task context and subject to high-level planning and control during everyday actions.