The Changes in Microbiotic Composition of Different Intestinal Tracts and the Effects of Supplemented Lactobacillus During the Formation of Goose Fatty Liver.
The Changes in Microbiotic Composition of Different Intestinal Tracts and the Effects of Supplemented Lactobacillus During the Formation of Goose Fatty Liver.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2022.906895
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
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中科院分区：
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肠道细菌通过参与营养物质的消化和降解，产生多种代谢产物，改变肠道屏障作用，在动物脂肪肝的形成过程中发挥重要作用。然而，鹅脂肪肝形成过程中肠道微生物区系的变化尚不清楚。本试验选用体重相近的70日龄健康朗德鹅80只，随机分为两组：对照组(48只)和超饲组(32只)。在过量喂养的0、12和24天收集肠道内容物。16S rRNA和元基因组测序分析表明，优势菌门为菲尔米特菌、变形杆菌、拟杆菌和放线杆菌。在属的水平上，鹅肠道中的优势属为叶状杆菌属、类杆菌属、螺杆菌属、乳杆菌属、肠球菌属和朗伯氏菌属，其中大部分是益生菌。对照组空肠和回肠中微生物的相对丰度随时间的延长而逐渐降低，变形杆菌的相对丰度逐渐增加，而过量饲喂组空肠和回肠中微生物的相对丰度随着时间的延长先降低后升高，而变形杆菌的相对丰度则呈现相反的趋势。此外，在日粮中添加乳酸菌降低了超饲鹅的体重和脂肪肝重量，但增加了腹脂重量，这表明添加乳酸菌可能会影响新生脂肪从肝脏向腹脂的运输。综上所述，鹅肠道优势菌种类相对稳定，但其相对丰度和功能受多种因素的影响。过量喂养促进了空肠和回肠中营养物质的新陈代谢，并通过增强细菌更有效地处理环境和遗传信息的能力，提高了细菌对环境变化的适应能力。这些结果表明，过量饲养对肠道微生物区系组成的影响可能通过肠道/肝脏轴间接影响鹅脂肪肝的形成。
Intestinal bacteria play an important role in the formation of fatty liver in animals by participating in the digestion and degradation of nutrients, producing various metabolites, and altering the barrier effect of the intestine. However, changes in the gut microbiota during the formation of goose fatty liver are unclear. In this study, 80 healthy Landes geese with similar body weights at 70 days of age were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n = 48; fed ad libitum) and the overfeeding group (n = 32; overfed). The intestinal contents were collected at 0, 12, and 24 days of overfeeding. The 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing analyses showed that the dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, Phyllobacterium, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Romboutsia were the dominant genera in the goose intestine, and most of them were probiotics. In the control group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum and ileum gradually decreased with time, while that of Proteobacteria increased, whereas in the overfeeding group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum and ileum decreased and then increased with time, while that of Proteobacteria showed an opposite trend. In addition, supplementing Lactobacillus to the diet reduced body weight and fatty liver weight in overfed geese, but increased the weight of abdominal fat, suggesting that Lactobacillus supplementation might affect the transport of nascent fat from the liver to abdominal fat. In conclusion, the species of intestinal-dominant bacteria in the geese are relatively stable, but their relative abundance and function are affected by a number of factors. Overfeeding promotes the metabolism of nutrients in the jejunum and ileum and increases bacterial adaptability to environmental changes by enhancing their ability to process environmental and genetic information more efficiently. These findings suggest that the effect of overfeeding on the composition of intestinal microbiota may indirectly influence the formation of goose fatty liver through the gut/liver axis.