Intermittent Hypoxia and Effects on Early Learning/Memory: Exploring the Hippocampal Cellular Effects of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Intermittent Hypoxia and Effects on Early Learning/Memory: Exploring the Hippocampal Cellular Effects of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
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DOI：
10.1213/ane.0000000000005273
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发表时间：
2021-07-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Roth S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chandrakantan A;Adler AC;Tohsun M;Kheradamand F;Ray RS;Roth S
本综述提供了儿科阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 神经认知表型的最新信息。儿童 OSA 与涉及记忆、学习和执行功能的神经认知缺陷有关。腺样体扁桃体切除术 (AT) 目前被认为是儿童 OSA 的一线手术治疗方法，但手术后执行功能缺陷并未得到解决，且恢复时间仍未知。这一发现表明，儿童 OSA 可能会对大脑的多个区域造成不可逆转的损害。本次综述的重点是海马体，它是出生后神经发生的两个主要部位之一，新的神经元在这里形成并整合到现有的电路和哺乳动物的学习/记忆功能中心。在这里，我们回顾了儿科 OSA 的临床表型，然后讨论了关于发育关键期海马不同细胞类型的 OSA 的现有研究。这将为未来使用临床前模型了解儿童 OSA 持续性神经认知功能障碍的发病机制奠定基础。
This review provides an update on the neurocognitive phenotype of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Pediatric OSA is associated with neurocognitive deficits involving memory, learning, and executive functioning. Adenotonsillectomy (AT) is presently accepted as the first line surgical treatment for pediatric OSA, but the executive function deficits do not resolve post-surgery, and the timeline for recovery remains unknown. This finding suggests that pediatric OSA potentially causes irreversible damage to multiple areas of the brain. The focus of this review is the hippocampus, one of the 2 major sites of postnatal neurogenesis, where new neurons are formed and integrated into existing circuitry and the mammalian center of learning/memory functions. Here, we review the clinical phenotype of pediatric OSA, and then discuss existing studies of OSA on different cell types in the hippocampus during critical periods of development. This will set the stage for future study using preclinical models to understand the pathogenesis of persistent neurocognitive dysfunction in pediatric OSA.