Unaddressed functional difficulty and care support among White, Black, and Hispanic older adults in the last decade.
Unaddressed functional difficulty and care support among White, Black, and Hispanic older adults in the last decade.
复制标题
过去十年中白人、黑人和西班牙裔老年人中未解决的功能困难和护理支持问题。
DOI：
10.1093/haschl/qxad041
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hoffman,Geoffrey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li,Jun;Ha,Jinkyung;Hoffman,Geoffrey
未解决的功能性困难导致健康老龄化的差异。虽然《平价医疗法案》（ACA）被认为重塑了长期护理，但人们对它如何共同改变老年人功能障碍的患病率及其对家庭和正式护理的使用知之甚少。这项研究使用来自健康和退休研究（2008-2018）的全国代表性数据来描述社区居住老年人患病率的种族-民族差异，这些老年人在ACA之前和之后难以自我护理，流动性和家庭活动，但缺乏援助。有功能障碍的人约占黑人和西班牙裔人的三分之一，而白色人的五分之一。缺乏相应护理支持的黑人和西班牙裔功能障碍患者的患病率始终比白色人高1.5倍。只有在低收入家庭中，种族-族裔差异才消失，因为这些家庭未解决的困难都很高。虽然正式的护理数量相似，但有功能障碍的黑人和西班牙裔人获得的家庭护理比白色人多近50%。这些差距之间的白色，黑人和西班牙裔老年人是持久的随着时间的推移。这些发现表明，尽管在过去十年中进行了重大的医疗改革，但老龄化需求和支持方面的种族-民族差距仍然存在。
Unaddressed functional difficulties contribute to disparities in healthy aging. While the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is believed to have reshaped long-term care, little is known on how it has collectively altered the prevalence of older adults with functional difficulties and their use of family and formal care. This study uses nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study (2008–2018) to describe racial-ethnic differences in the prevalence of community-dwelling older adults who had difficulty with, but lacked assistance for, self-care, mobility, and household activities before and after the ACA. Individuals with functional difficulties accounted for about one-third of Black and Hispanic individuals, compared to one-fifth of White people. The prevalence of Black and Hispanic people with functional difficulties lacking corresponding care support was consistently 1.5 times higher than that of White people. Racial-ethnic differences disappeared only for low-income households where unaddressed difficulties were uniformly high. While formal care quantity was similar, Black and Hispanic people with functional difficulties received nearly 50% more family care than White people. These gaps between White, Black, and Hispanic older adults were persistent over time. These findings suggest that racial-ethnic gaps in aging needs and supports remain despite major health care reforms in the past decade.