Effects of re-oligotrophication and climate warming on plankton richness and community stability in a deep mesotrophic lake
Effects of re-oligotrophication and climate warming on plankton richness and community stability in a deep mesotrophic lake
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.20055.x
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发表时间：
2012-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
F. Pomati;B. Matthews;J. Jokela;A. Schildknecht;B. Ibelings
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Pomati;B. Matthews;J. Jokela;A. Schildknecht;B. Ibelings
我们研究了在瑞士苏黎世深水中营养湖长达30年的时间里，重新富营养化和气候变暖对浮游生物丰富度和群落稳定性的影响。我们收集了浮游植物和浮游动物分类丰富度、浮游植物功能群(具有相似功能特征的物种)和物理化学环境参数(温度、电导率、pH、P-PO43-、N-NO3-、光吸收)的月度时间序列。我们使用多元线性回归检验：1)随时间和深度的环境变化对浮游生物丰富度的影响；2)丰富度和环境变化对浮游生物稳定性的相对影响。环境变化的特征是温度升高，磷水平下降，两者的时间变异性降低，以及磷在深度上的高度异质性(空间异质性)。这些情况与浮游生物分类和功能丰富度的增加同时发生。温度升高和空间异质性是浮游植物丰富度的最好预测因子，浮游植物丰富度和空间异质性对浮游动物丰富度的影响最大。浮游植物生物量的时间稳定性主要受磷和温度变化的影响，而浮游动物丰度水平与氮、温度和浮游植物生物量的波动关系更大。我们的分析强调，气候变暖和重新富营养化可能有利于增加深海湖泊水柱的空间(深度)异质性，增强浮游植物物种共存的潜力和浮游生物丰富度的增加。我们的分析还表明，与平均丰富度相比，关键环境变量的波动强度可以更好地预测浮游生物群落的稳定性。
We studied the effects of re-oligotrophication and climate warming on plankton richness and community stability over a period of 30 years in the deep mesotrophic Lake Zurich (Switzerland). We assembled monthly time-series of phytoplankton and zooplankton taxonomic richness, phytoplankton functional groups (species with similar functional traits) and physico-chemical environmental descriptors (temperature, conductivity, pH, P-PO43-, N-NO3-, light absorption). We used multiple linear regression to test: 1) the effect of environmental variability over time and depth on the accrual of plankton richness; and 2) the relative effect of richness and environmental variability on the stability of plankton. Environmental change was characterised by increase in temperature, decrease in phosphorus levels, reduced temporal variability of both, and higher heterogeneity of phosphorus over depth (spatial heterogeneity). These conditions occurred concurrently with accrual in plankton taxonomic and functional richness. Increase in temperature and spatial heterogeneity were the best predictors of phytoplankton richness, while phytoplankton richness and spatial heterogeneity had the strongest effects on zooplankton richness. Temporal stability in phytoplankton biovolume was mainly affected by variability in phosphorus and temperature, while zooplankton abundance levels were more strongly linked to fluctuations in nitrogen, temperature and phytoplankton biovolumes. Our analysis highlights that climate warming and re-oligotrophication may favour an increase in spatial (depth) heterogeneity in the water column of deep lakes, enhancing the potential for phytoplankton species co-existence and an increase in plankton richness. Our analysis also suggests that the intensity of fluctuations in key environmental variables can be a better predictor of plankton community stability then average richness.