Feed ingredients differing in fermentable fibre and indigestible protein content affect fermentation metabolites and faecal nitrogen excretion in growing pigs
Feed ingredients differing in fermentable fibre and indigestible protein content affect fermentation metabolites and faecal nitrogen excretion in growing pigs
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DOI：
10.1017/s1751731111001844
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Leterme, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jha, R.;Leterme, P.
为研究不同非常规膳食纤维（DF）源的发酵特性及其对发酵代谢产物和粪氮排泄的影响，选择40头生长猪进行试验（初始BW 23 kg），使用小麦麸皮（WB）、豌豆壳（PH）、豌豆内纤维（PIF）、甜菜浆（SBP）或玉米酒糟干谷粒与可溶物（DDGS）。日粮中还含有大豆分离蛋白，豌豆淀粉和蔗糖，并补充维生素矿物质预混料。从第10天开始连续3天收集粪便样品，从第13天开始用添加的难消化标记物（氧化铬）饲喂3天，并在实验开始的第16天屠宰猪。收集回肠和结肠的消化物并分析短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和氨（NH3）含量。全消化道氮表观消化率以DDGS组最低（P < 0.001）（74%），WB和SBP组居中（76%），PIF和PH组最高（分别为79%和81%）。表示每公斤发酵非淀粉多糖（NSP），粪便氮排泄量较高DDGS和WB饮食（130和113克/公斤NSP发酵，分别）和较低的PIF，PH和SBP饮食（42，52和55克/公斤NSP发酵，分别）。在回肠和结肠中，基于PH的饮食具有最高（P < 0.05）SCFA浓度（分别为27和122 mMol/kg回肠）。最高的NH3浓度也被发现在用PH（132 mMol/kg NH3）喂养的猪的结肠中。主成分分析的负荷图显示，CP/NSP比值与粪便N排泄量和结肠内容物中NH3浓度呈正相关，与结肠内容物中SCFA浓度呈负相关。总之，豌豆纤维和SBP增加了SCFA，降低了猪肠道中的NH3浓度，并减少了粪便N排泄，这使得豌豆纤维和SBP成为一种有趣的成分，可用于猪饮食中，以改善DF发酵对胃肠道的积极作用，并减少粪便N排泄。
To study the fermentation characteristics of different non-conventional dietary fibre (DF) sources with varying levels of indigestible CP content and their effects on the production of fermentation metabolites and on faecal nitrogen (N) excretion, an experiment was conducted with 40 growing pigs (initial BW 23 kg) using wheat bran (WB), pea hulls (PH), pea inner fibres (PIF), sugar beet pulp (SBP) or corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). The diets also contained soya protein isolate, pea starch and sucrose, and were supplemented with vitamin-mineral premix. Faecal samples were collected for 3 consecutive days from day 10, fed with added indigestible marker (chromic oxide) for 3 days from day 13 and pigs were slaughtered on day 16 from the beginning of the experiment. Digesta from the ileum and colon were collected and analysed for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and ammonia (NH3) content. The apparent total tract N digestibility was the lowest (P < 0.001) in diets based on DDGS (74%), medium in diets with WB and SBP (76% each) and highest in those with PIF and PH (79% and 81%, respectively). Expressed per kg fermented non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), faecal N excretion was higher with DDGS and WB diets (130 and 113 g/kg NSP fermented, respectively) and lower with PIF, PH and SBP diets (42, 52 and 55 g/kg NSP fermented, respectively). The PH-based diets had the highest (P < 0.05) SCFA concentrations, both in the ileum and the colon (27 and 122 mMol/kg digesta, respectively). The highest NH3 concentration was also found in the colon of pigs fed with PH (132 mMol/kg digesta). Loading plot of principle component analysis revealed that the CP : NSP ratio was positively related with faecal N excretion and NH3 concentration in colon contents, whereas negatively related with SCFA concentration in colon contents. In conclusion, pea fibres and SBP increased SCFA and reduced NH3 concentration in the pig's intestine and reduced faecal N excretion, which makes pea fibres and SBP an interesting ingredient to use in pig diet to improve the positive effect of DF fermentation on the gastrointestinal tract and reduce faecal N excretion.