Medical decision-making and communication of risks: an ethical perspective
Medical decision-making and communication of risks: an ethical perspective
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DOI：
10.1136/jme.2009.033282
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Breitsameter, Christof
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breitsameter, Christof
医疗决策过程目前处于不断变化之中。决定不再完全由医生决定：病人越来越多地参与到这个过程中。关于“知情同意”的理想有很多讨论，即诊断和治疗决策应该基于医生和患者之间的互动。这意味着患者被告知治疗的优点和缺点以及治疗的替代方案;然后，根据这些信息，他们可以决定是否要接受治疗。然而，最近的研究表明，实现“共同决策”的理想面临着一些困难，这些困难与患者没有获得完整和准确的信息有关。使用的例子乳腺癌筛查，本文探讨的问题，是否，根据这些困难，知情决策的理想只是一种幻想，或者是否可以采取具体步骤实现这一理想。
The medical decision-making process is currently in flux. Decisions are no longer made entirely at the physician's discretion: patients are becoming more and more involved in the process. There is a great deal of discussion about the ideal of 'informed consent', that is that diagnostic and therapeutic decisions should be made based on an interaction between physician and patient. This means that patients are informed about the advantages and disadvantages of a treatment as well as alternatives to the treatment; then, based on this information they can decide whether or not they want to undergo the treatment. However, recent studies show that the realisation of the ideal of 'shared decision-making' faces a number of difficulties related to the fact that patients are not provided with complete and accurate information. Using the example of breast cancer screening, this article examines the question of whether, in light of these difficulties, the ideal of informed decision-making is only an illusion or whether concrete steps can be taken towards the realisation of this ideal.