Did the historic overharvesting of sea cucumbers make coral more susceptible to pathogens?
Did the historic overharvesting of sea cucumbers make coral more susceptible to pathogens?
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DOI：
10.1007/s00338-022-02227-w
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发表时间：
2022-02-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hay, Mark E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grayson, Natalie;Clements, Cody S.;Hay, Mark E.
在历史上的热带珊瑚礁上，食腐海参似乎很丰富，但（1）至少从19世纪中期开始就被大量开发，（2）收获后往往恢复得很少，（3）现代海洋群落相对枯竭。因为它们更丰富，以细菌，微藻和其他有机物为食，并处理大量沉积物，从热带海洋中去除这些食虫动物可能会抑制沉积病原体的去除，并以未记录的方式影响共存物种。我们进行了封闭和封闭实验的海参Holothuria atra在后礁泻湖在莫雷阿岛，法属波利尼西亚，并发现，排除此海参增加了沉积物表面色素沉着的措施约10倍，但也降低了效力的提取物从共同发生的珊瑚（鹿角珊瑚）对热激活的珊瑚病原体弧菌coralliilyticus的显着52%。这表明，从热带浅海大规模清除碎屑动物可能会使一些共存的基础物种在温度升高或其他压力期间更容易受到病原体的影响。
Detritivore sea cucumbers appear to have been abundant on historic tropical reefs, but (1) have been heavily exploited since at least the mid-1800s, (2) often show minimal recovery post-harvest, and (3) are relatively depleted from modern marine communities. Because they were more abundant, fed on bacteria, microalgae, and other organics, and processed tremendous masses of sediments, removing these detritivores from tropical seas may have suppressed removal of sedimentary pathogens, and impacted co-occurring species in ways that are not documented. We conducted enclosure and exclosure experiments of the sea cucumber Holothuria atra in a back reef lagoon in Moorea, French Polynesia and found that excluding this sea cucumber increased a measure of sediment surface pigmentation by about 10 x but also decreased the potency of extracts from a co-occurring coral (Acropora cytherea) against the heat-activated coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus by a significant 52%. This suggests that the large-scale removal of detritovores from shallow tropical seas may make some co-occurring foundation species more susceptible to pathogens during periods of elevated temperatures or other stresses.