Labor requirements of system of rice intensification (SRI) in Cambodia
Labor requirements of system of rice intensification (SRI) in Cambodia
复制标题
柬埔寨水稻强化体系（SRI）的劳动力需求
DOI：
10.1007/s10333-015-0503-1
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Eiji Yamaji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sophy Ches;Eiji Yamaji
柬埔寨的地方政府、非政府组织、水稻集约化系统（SRI）的采用者和研究人员对SRI进行了广泛的讨论。然而，就这些好处达成的协议仍然难以捉摸。一些人声称SRI以更低的成本提高了水稻产量；其他人则表示，证据仍不确凿。受最实际的SRI原则影响的创新的采用和影响，采用者可以并且确实实现了，以及其他SRI劳动需求还有待全面调查。本研究旨在阐明和比较SRI劳动需求的不同方面，以及能够导致更密集的SRI采用的传统实践。在柬埔寨南部的三个雨养村进行了住户调查和实地观察：两个在贡布省，一个在磅士卑省。研究结果显示，SRI劳动需求与传统做法之间几乎没有差异。在准备土地和苗圃、插秧和收割时，对劳动力的需求很大。迄今为止，仅靠稻农或雇工就足够了。雇佣劳动力的成本取决于农民家庭劳动力的供给和“分享之手”制度的有效性，而不是农业技术本身。该系统有助于降低雇佣劳动力成本，这是成本最高的因素之一。研究结果还表明，采用SRI的程度与农户家庭劳动力或雇佣劳动力的可用性之间没有相关性。提高SRI采用程度的关键因素是农民的热情和细心的关注，而不是家到地的距离和劳动力的可用性。
Local governments, NGOs, system of rice intensification (SRI) adopters, and researchers in Cambodia have extensively discussed the SRI. Agreement on the benefits, however, remains elusive. Some claim SRI increases rice yields at lower costs; others state that the evidence is still inconclusive. The adoption and impact of innovations influenced by the most practical SRI principles, which adopters can and do implement, as well as other SRI labor requirement have yet to be comprehensively investigated. This study aimed at elucidating and comparing distinct aspects of SRI labor requirements and conventional practices that can lead to more intensive SRI adoption. A household survey and field observations were conducted in three rain-fed villages in the southern part of Cambodia: two in Kampot Province and one in Kampong Speu Province. Findings showed little or no difference between SRI labor requirements and conventional practices. Laborers are in high demand when preparing land and nurseries, transplanting seedlings, and harvesting. Rice farmers alone or hired laborers have generally proved sufficient to date. Hired labor costs depend on the supply of farmer-family labor and the efficacy of the “Sharing-hand” system, not on farming techniques per se. This system helps alleviate hired labor costs, one of the highest cost factors. The findings also indicated that the degree of SRI adoption shows no correlation between the home-to-plot distance and availability of farmer-family labor or hired labor. The key factors for improving the degree of SRI adoption are farmer zeal and careful attention rather than the home-to-plot distance and availability of labor.