A review of nanoscale LC-ESI for metabolomics and its potential to enhance the metabolome coverage
A review of nanoscale LC-ESI for metabolomics and its potential to enhance the metabolome coverage
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DOI：
10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.084
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发表时间：
2018-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
David, Arthur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chetwynd, Andrew J.;David, Arthur
液相色谱-电喷雾电离-质谱（LC-ESI-MS）平台被广泛用于对基于代谢组学的生物样品进行高通量非靶向分析。然而，由于离子抑制等分析限制，这些LC-ESI平台通常倾向于检测相对高浓度的代谢物，从而降低了总体灵敏度。为了解决这个敏感性问题，可以采用最新的分析平台，以便在单次分析运行中分析更大一部分代谢组。在这里，纳米流液相色谱-纳米电喷雾电离（nLC-nESI），以前已经成功地应用于蛋白质组学，被探索用于代谢组学和暴露组学研究。作为一个基于发现的领域，这些nLC-nESI平台的灵敏度显著提高，为揭示低丰度信号代谢物（如类固醇、类二十烷类）在健康和疾病研究中所起的作用提供了潜力，也将有助于改进对生物基质中微量水平的异种生物的检测，从而更好地表征化学暴露。本综述旨在深入了解nLC-nESI在基于代谢组学的方法中的优势。首先，我们详细介绍了提高灵敏度的来源，然后回顾了实现代谢组学纳米流率和纳米喷雾电离的可用方法。然后使用从代谢组学角度获得的文献评估nLC-nESI平台的稳健性。我们还讨论了样品制备的挑战点，为了充分享受这些nLC-nESI平台的好处，需要解决这些问题。最后，我们利用纳米级平台评估代谢组学分析，并利用这些新的高灵敏度平台展望代谢组学的未来。
Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) platforms are widely used to perform high throughput untargeted profiling of biological samples for metabolomics-based approaches. However, these LC-ESI platforms usually favour the detection of metabolites present at relatively high concentrations because of analytical limitations such as ion suppression, thus reducing overall sensitivity. To counter this issue of sensitivity, the latest in terms of analytical platforms can be adopted to enable a greater portion of the metabolome to be analysed in a single analytical run. Here, nanoflow liquid chromatography-nanoelectrospray ionisation (nLC-nESI), which has previously been utilised successfully in proteomics, is explored for use in metabolomic and exposomic research. As a discovery based field, the markedly increased sensitivity of these nLC-nESI platforms offer the potential to uncover the roles played by low abundant signalling metabolites (e.g. steroids, eicosanoids) in health and disease studies, and would also enable an improvement in the detection of xenobiotics present at trace levels in biological matrices to better characterise the chemical exposome. This review aims to give an insight into the advantages associated with nLC-nESI for metabolomics-based approaches. Initially we detail the source of improved sensitivity prior to reviewing the available approaches to achieving nanoflow rates and nanospray ionisation for metabolomics. The robustness of nLC-nESI platforms was then assessed using the literature available from a metabolomic viewpoint. We also discuss the challenging point of sample preparation which needs to be addressed to fully enjoy the benefits of these nLC-nESI platforms. Finally, we assess metabolomic analysis utilising nano scale platforms and look ahead to the future of metabolomics using these new highly sensitive platforms.