Evaluation of seasonality on total water intake, water loss and water balance in the general population in Greece
Evaluation of seasonality on total water intake, water loss and water balance in the general population in Greece
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DOI：
10.1111/jhn.12077
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kapsokefalou, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Malisova, O.;Bountziouka, V.;Kapsokefalou, M.
背景水平衡是指从固体和液体食物中摄取的水和饮用水中的水分损失，主要表现为汗液、尿液和粪便。季节性，特别是在夏季炎热的地中海国家，可能会影响水的损失，从而影响水的平衡。以前没有在种群水平上估计过水量平衡，也没有评估过季节性的影响。本研究旨在比较希腊普通人群夏季和冬季的水平衡、摄入量和损失量。方法采用水平衡问卷(WBQ)对希腊雅典的普通人群进行分层抽样调查，估算夏季(n=480)和冬季(n=412)的水摄入量和损失量。结果冬季平均(SD)水量平衡为-63(1478)m L/d-1，平均(SD)摄入量为2892(987)m L/d-1，平均(四分位数)失水量为2637(1810-3922)m L/d-1。夏季平均(SD)水量平衡为-58(2150)m L/d-1，平均(SD)摄入量为3875(第1373)m L/d-1，平均(四分位数)失水量为3635(2365-5258)m L/d-1。夏季和冬季的水平衡没有差异(P=0.96)；然而，数据分布不同；在夏季，大约8%的参与者在低水平衡和高水平衡类别中摔倒。不同来源的水摄入量差异有统计学意义(P
Background Water balance is achieved when water intake from solid and fluid foods and drinking water meets water losses, mainly in sweat, urine and faeces. Seasonality, particularly in Mediterranean countries that have a hot summer, may affect water loss and consequently water balance. Water balance has not been estimated before on a population level and the effect of seasonality has not been evaluated. The present study aimed to compare water balance, intake and loss in summer and winter in a sample of the general population in Greece. Methods The Water Balance Questionnaire (WBQ) was used to evaluate water balance, estimating water intake and loss in summer (n=480) and in winter (n=412) on a stratified sample of the general population in Athens, Greece. Results In winter, mean (SD) water balance was -63(1478)mL/day-1, mean (SD)water intake was 2892(987)mL/day-1 and mean (quartile range) water loss was 2637 (1810-3922)mL/day-1. In summer, mean (SD) water balance was -58(2150)mL/day-1, mean (SD) water intake was 3875(1373)mL/day-1 and mean (quartile range) water loss was 3635 (2365-5258)mL/day-1. Water balance did not differ between summer and winter (P=0.96); however, the data distribution was different; in summer, approximately 8% more participants were falling in the low and high water balance categories. Differences in water intake from different sources were identified (P