The adolescent brain
The adolescent brain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.003
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Galvan, Adriana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casey, B. J.;Getz, Sarah;Galvan, Adriana
青春期是一个发展阶段，其特点是作出不理想的决定和采取不理想的行动，从而导致意外伤害和暴力、酗酒和吸毒、意外怀孕和性传播疾病的发生率增加。传统的神经生物学和认知解释的青少年行为已经无法解释的非线性变化，在青春期观察到的行为，相对于童年和成年。这篇评论提供了一个生物学上合理的概念化的神经机制，这些非线性变化的行为，作为一个高度的反应，激励，而冲动控制仍然是相对不成熟的，在此期间。最近的人类成像和动物研究为这一观点提供了生物学基础，表明相对于童年和成年期，青春期边缘系统相对于自上而下的控制系统的发展存在差异。这种发展模式可能会加剧那些倾向于冒险的青少年，增加了不良后果的风险。(c)2007爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by suboptimal decisions and actions that give rise to an increased incidence of unintentional injuries and violence, alcohol and drug abuse, unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Traditional neurobiological and cognitive explanations for adolescent behavior have failed to account for the nonlinear changes in behavior observed during adolescence, relative to childhood and adulthood. This review provides a biologically plausible conceptualization of the neural mechanisms underlying these nonlinear changes in behavior, as a heightened responsiveness to incentives while impulse control is still relatively immature during this period. Recent human imaging and animal studies provide a biological basis for this view, suggesting differential development of limbic reward systems relative to top-down control systems during adolescence relative to childhood and adulthood. This developmental pattern may be exacerbated in those adolescents with a predisposition toward risk-taking, increasing the risk for poor outcomes. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.