Mud volcanoes, olistostromes and Argille scagliose in the Mediterranean region
Mud volcanoes, olistostromes and Argille scagliose in the Mediterranean region
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3091.2008.01016.x
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发表时间：
2009-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
A. Camerlenghi;G. Pini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Camerlenghi;G. Pini
构造和沉积混杂岩，即具有块状基体结构的岩石，通常被称为“混沌”，广泛存在于环地中海碰撞造山带以及水下地中海弧中。这些岩石类型最初被定义为亚平宁山脉（意大利）露头的“Argille scagliose”（Bianconi，1840）和“olisostromes”（Flores，1955、1959）。由于人们逐渐认识到所有环地中海造山带中类似的混沌体，术语和概念都随着时间的推移经历了相当复杂的演变。地中海地区的海底泥火山也由块状基质组成，通常称为泥角砾岩，其历史要年轻得多。这些泥角砾岩于 1981 年被发现，此后，越来越多的海上地球物理和地质探险活动确认了东地中海的一个主要泥火山带以及从黑海到加的斯湾的许多泥底辟和泥火山田。人们从一开始就注意到地中海泥火山的泥角砾岩与亚平宁山脉的单口角砾岩和泥质角砾岩之间的结构、质地和遗传相似性，但这一问题并未成为任何详细研究的焦点。本文分析了地质文献中术语的使用，探索了这些岩石单元在地中海地区的分布，并确定了假设的成因过程，以制定可应用于环地中海沉积盆地演化的通用成因模型。
Tectonic and sedimentary mélanges, rocks with block‐in‐matrix fabric often referred to as ‘chaotic’, are widespread in the circum‐Mediterranean collisional orogenic belts as well as in submerged Mediterranean Arcs. These rock types have been defined originally as ‘Argille scagliose’ (Bianconi, 1840) and ‘olistostromes’ (Flores, 1955, 1959) in the outcrops of the Apennine chain (Italy). Both terminology and concepts have undergone a rather complex evolution through time owing to the gradual recognition of similar chaotic bodies in all the circum‐Mediterranean orogenic belts. Submarine mud volcanoes of the Mediterranean region, also composed by block‐in‐matrix, more commonly referred to as mud breccias, have a much younger history. These mud breccias were discovered in 1981 and, since then, a growing number of sea‐going geophysical and geological expeditions have allowed the recognition of a major mud volcano belt in the Eastern Mediterranean and of a number of mud diapirs and mud volcano fields from the Black Sea to the Gulf of Cadiz. Structural, textural and genetic similarities between the mud breccias of the Mediterranean mud volcanoes and the olistostromes and Argille scagliose of the Apennines were noted from the very beginning, but the matter has not been the focus of any detailed study. In this paper, the use of the terms in the geological literature is analysed, the distribution of these rock units in the Mediterranean region explored and the assumed genetic processes are identified in order to formulate a common genetic model that can be applied to the evolution of the circum‐Mediterranean sedimentary basins.