Reproduction-longevity trade-off in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae).
Reproduction-longevity trade-off in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae).
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DOI：
10.1603/me10052
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Lehmann T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dao A;Kassogue Y;Adamou A;Diallo M;Yaro AS;Traore SF;Lehmann T
由于当前的繁殖而导致的生存和未来的繁殖减少是一种权衡，称为繁殖成本。令人惊讶的是，只有少数研究评估了节肢动物疾病媒介的繁殖成本，尽管它会影响寿命，从而影响媒介能力。我们通过比较那些被拒绝接触异性的蚊子（以下称为处女）和那些被允许接触异性并交配的蚊子（以下称为交配），评估了冈比亚按蚊生存的繁殖成本。仅与有交配活动的雌性接触 6 天，雄性的存活时间就从未交配的中位 17 天减少到交配后的 15 天，这表明雄性交配成本很高。在与雌性接触结束几天后，交配雄性的死亡率开始增加，这表明交配与直接死亡风险无关。值得注意的是，在已交配的雄性中，体型大小与雄性死亡率呈负相关，但在处女中则不然。与雌性接触 4 天后，授精率下降，表明雄性交配能力有限，进一步支持了雄性交配成本昂贵的假设。与之前的研究一致，无论雌性是交配还是处女，仅靠糖生存的雌性（中位 = 16 天）比靠血液和糖生存（中位 = 19 天）要短。总体而言，以血液和糖为饮食的交配雌性的存活率低于未交配的雌性，但仅以糖为饮食的情况下没有发现差异。然而，雌性的繁殖成本仍然不明确，因为未交配雌性和交配雌性之间的生存差异是由未交配雌性（中位数 = 19 天）和暴露于雄性的未受精雌性（中位数 = 17 天）之间的差异驱动的，而不是由未交配雌性和受精雌性之间的差异（中位数 = 19 天）驱动的。因此，精子和精液、卵子发育和产卵对雌性生存的成本可以忽略不计。仅接触雄性而不进行授精会降低雌性的存活率。尽管如此，如果在自然条件下与雄性接触也与生存率降低有关，这也许可以解释为什么雌性保持一夫一妻制。
Reduced survival and future reproduction due to of current reproduction is a trade-off known as the cost of reproduction. Surprisingly, only a few studies have assessed the cost of reproduction in arthropod disease vectors, despite its effect on longevity, and thus on vectorial capacity. We evaluated the cost of reproduction on survival of Anopheles gambiae Giles by comparing mosquitoes that were denied exposure to the other sex, hereafter named virgins, and those that were allowed exposure to the other sex and mating, hereafter named mated. Merely 6 d of exposure to females with mating activity reduced male survival from a median of 17 d in virgins to 15 d in mated, indicating that male mating cost is substantial. The increase in mortality of mated males began several days after the exposure to females ended, indicating that mating is not associated with immediate mortality risk. Notably, body size was negatively correlated with male mortality in mated males, but not in virgins. The rate of insemination declined after 4 d of exposure to females, indicating that male mating capacity is limited and further supporting the hypothesis that mating is costly for males. Consistent with previous studies, female survival on sugar alone (median = 16 d) was shorter than on blood and sugar (median = 19 d), regardless if she was mated or virgin. Overall, survival of mated females was lower than that of virgins on a diet of blood and sugar, but no difference was found on a diet of sugar only. However, the cost of reproduction in females remains ambiguous because the difference in survival between virgin and mated females was driven by the difference between virgin (median = 19 d) and uninseminated females exposed to males (median = 17 d), rather than between virgin and inseminated females (median = 19 d). Accordingly, sperm and seminal fluid, egg development, and oviposition have negligible cost in terms of female survival. Only exposure to males without insemination decreased female survival. Nonetheless, if exposure to males under natural conditions is also associated with reduced survival, it might explain why females remain monogamous.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Howell PI;Knols BG
通讯作者：
Knols BG
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Barnes, AI;Partridge, L
通讯作者：
Partridge, L
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
CHAPMAN, T
通讯作者：
CHAPMAN, T
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Arnqvist, G;Rowe, L
通讯作者：
Rowe, L
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Gary, RE;Foster, WA
通讯作者：
Foster, WA