Neuromodulation Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Dystonia
Neuromodulation Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment of Dystonia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.nec.2018.12.001
复制
发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Neimat, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dietz, Nicholas;Neimat, Joseph
肌张力障碍是一种异质性、多动性运动障碍，具有持续或间歇性异常姿势、多动性肌肉收缩或重复运动。肌张力障碍的分类涉及2个轴：轴I和轴II，分别定义相关的临床特征和病因。药物治疗因亚型而异，包括肌肉注射肉毒杆菌毒素和口服抗胆碱能药物。脑深部电刺激在几项具有里程碑意义的研究后于1999年被广泛采用，并已有效地用于丘脑，苍白球和丘脑底核的靶点。对肌张力障碍的病理生理学和遗传分析的新见解继续指导外科技术走向永远有效的治疗。
Dystonia is a heterogeneous, hyperkinetic movement disorder with sustained or intermittent abnormal postures, hyperkinetic muscle contractions, or repetitive movements. Classification of dystonia involves 2 axes: axis I and axis II, defining relevant clinical features and etiology, respectively. Medical therapy varies based on subtype and includes intramuscular botulinum toxin injections and oral anticho-linergic pharmaceuticals. Deep brain stimulation became widely incorporated in 1999 after several landmark studies and has been effectively used in targets of the thalamus, pallidum, and subthalamic nucleus. New insights into pathophysiology of dystonia and genetic analysis continue to guide surgical technique toward ever-effective treatment.