Axial kinetic theory and spin transport for fermions with arbitrary mass
Axial kinetic theory and spin transport for fermions with arbitrary mass
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.100.096011
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
K. Hattori;Y. Hidaka;Di-Lun Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Hattori;Y. Hidaka;Di-Lun Yang
从Wigner函数出发，导出了背景电磁场中任意质量费米子的量子动力学理论。由于大质量费米子的自旋是一个动力学自由度，具有领先阶量子修正的动力学方程不仅描述了矢量和轴向电荷分布的纠缠动力学，而且还描述了自旋极化。因此，我们得到一个标量和一个轴矢量动力学方程的磁化电流有关的自旋轨道相互作用。结果表明，我们的结果平滑地归结到无质量极限，此时无质量费米子的自旋不再是一个独立的动力学自由度，而是受制于手征性和动量，相应的动力学方程变成了Weyl费米子的手征动力学理论.我们提供了一个涵盖有质量和无质量两种情况的动力学理论，从而解决了在它们之间建立桥梁的问题。这样的推广对于各种物理系统的应用可能是至关重要的。从动力学方程出发，讨论了热平衡态下大质量费米子输运的反常电流。
We derive the quantum kinetic theory for fermions with arbitrary mass in a background electromagnetic field from the Wigner-function approach. Since spin of massive fermions is a dynamical degree of freedom, the kinetic equations with the leading-order quantum corrections describe entangled dynamics of not only the vector- and axial-charge distributions but also of the spin polarization. Therefore, we obtain one scalar and one axial-vector kinetic equations with magnetization currents pertinent to the spin-orbit interaction. We show that our results smoothly reduce to the massless limit where the spin of massless fermions is no longer an independent dynamical degree of freedom but is enslaved by the chirality and momentum and the accordingly kinetic equations turn into the chiral kinetic theory for Weyl fermions. We provide a kinetic theory covering both the massive and massless cases, and hence resolves the problem in constructing the bridge between them. Such generalization may be crucial for applications to various physical systems. Based on our kinetic equations, we discuss the anomalous currents transported by massive fermions in thermal equilibrium.