Explaining the under-performance of the anti-human-trafficking campaign: experience from the United States and Europe
Explaining the under-performance of the anti-human-trafficking campaign: experience from the United States and Europe
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解释反人口贩卖运动表现不佳的原因：美国和欧洲的经验
DOI：
10.1007/s10611-013-9511-5
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. F. Mcdonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. F. Mcdonald
美国和全球打击以劳工和性剥削为目的的人口贩运的运动已经有十多年的时间和数百万美元的支持，以努力抑制人口贩运并保护其受害者。本期六篇文章中的四篇探讨了美国的这场运动在起诉目标方面未能取得更多成功的原因。提起的案件和定罪的数量低于预期。大多数提起的案件都涉及性贩运。打击人口贩运的执法记录并不令人印象深刻，这似乎是另一个例子，说明即使是非常受欢迎的法律改革和改革也会因刑事司法系统的社会现实而被冷却。性贩运案件很难立案，因为受害者很难相处，陪审团缺乏同情心，而且警察、检察官、法官都有自己的优先事项。关于试图通过转向规范卖淫政策而不是将其视为犯罪来消除性贩运的文章表明政策改变并未成功。建立一个评估反人口贩运方案实施情况的指数的尝试取得了成功。
The American and the global campaigns against the trafficking of humans for labor and for sexual exploitation have had more than a decade of time and millions of dollars of support in an effort to suppress trafficking and protect its victims. Four of the six articles in this issue explore the reasons why the campaign in the United States has not had more instrumental success with respect to its prosecution goals. The number of cases brought and convictions obtained are fewer than what might be expected. Most of the cases brought involve sex trafficking. The less than impressive record of enforcement against human trafficking appears to be another example of how even very popular law reforms and crusades can be cooled out by the social realities of the criminal justice system. Sex trafficking cases are difficult to make because the victims are difficult to work with, juries are unsympathetic, and the police, prosecutors, judges have their own priorities. The article on the attempt to eliminate sex trafficking by switching to a policy of regulating prostitution rather than treating it as a crime indicates that policy change did not succeed. An attempt to create an index for assessing the implementation of anti-trafficking programs was successful.