Emotional memories are enhanced when reactivated in slow wave sleep, but impaired when reactivated in REM.
Emotional memories are enhanced when reactivated in slow wave sleep, but impaired when reactivated in REM.
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在慢波睡眠中重新激活时，情绪记忆会增强，但在快速眼动睡眠中重新激活时，情绪记忆会受损。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.03.01.530661
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stickgold,Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuksel,Cagri;Denis,Dan;Coleman,James;Ren,Boyu;Oh,Angela;Cox,Roy;Morgan,Alexandra;Sato,Erina;Stickgold,Robert
睡眠有助于记忆巩固。然而，目前还不完全清楚不同的睡眠阶段如何促进这一过程。虽然快速眼动睡眠（REM）传统上与处理情绪化材料有关，但最近的研究表明慢波睡眠（SWS）在加强情绪记忆方面的作用。在这里，为了直接检查哪个睡眠阶段主要涉及情绪记忆巩固，我们在白天小睡期间的REM和SWS中使用了目标记忆再激活（TMR）。与我们的假设相反，在快速眼动期间重新激活情感刺激会导致记忆受损。与此相一致的是，在没有TMR的情况下小睡的那组人中，REM%与更差的回忆相关。与此同时，慢波睡眠中的提示益处与快速眼动和慢波睡眠时间的乘积（慢波睡眠-快速眼动乘积）密切相关，并且重新激活显着增强了慢波睡眠-快速眼动乘积高的人的记忆。令人惊讶的是，SWS-REM产品与重新激活的项目的更好的记忆和非重新激活的项目的记忆较差有关，这表明睡眠既保留又消除了情感记忆，这取决于它们是否被重新激活。值得注意的是，提示项目的情绪效价调节睡眠纺锤波和δ/θ功率。最后，我们发现情感记忆比中性记忆更能从TMR中受益。我们的研究结果表明，情绪记忆在快速眼动期间衰减，除非它们在之前的SWS期间被重新激活。此外，我们表明，主动遗忘补充记忆巩固，都发生在SWS和REM。此外，我们的研究结果扩展了最近的证据表明睡眠纺锤波和情绪处理之间的联系。
Sleep supports memory consolidation. However, it is not completely clear how different sleep stages contribute to this process. While rapid eye movement sleep (REM) has traditionally been implicated in the processing of emotionally charged material, recent studies indicate a role for slow wave sleep (SWS) in strengthening emotional memories. Here, to directly examine which sleep stage is primarily involved in emotional memory consolidation, we used targeted memory reactivation (TMR) in REM and SWS during a daytime nap. Contrary to our hypothesis, reactivation of emotional stimuli during REM led to impaired memory. Consistent with this, REM% was correlated with worse recall in the group that took a nap without TMR. Meanwhile, cueing benefit in SWS was strongly correlated with the product of times spent in REM and SWS (SWS-REM product), and reactivation significantly enhanced memory in those with high SWS-REM product. Surprisingly, SWS-REM product was associated with better memory for reactivated items and poorer memory for non-reactivated items, suggesting that sleep both preserved and eliminated emotional memories, depending on whether they were reactivated. Notably, the emotional valence of cued items modulated both sleep spindles and delta/theta power. Finally, we found that emotional memories benefited from TMR more than did neutral ones. Our results suggest that emotional memories decay during REM, unless they are reactivated during prior SWS. Furthermore, we show that active forgetting complements memory consolidation, and both take place across SWS and REM. In addition, our findings expand upon recent evidence indicating a link between sleep spindles and emotional processing.