[Intergroup threat and intragroup interdependence: multiplicity of psychological processes behind ingroup favoritism, and their distinct elicitors].
[Intergroup threat and intragroup interdependence: multiplicity of psychological processes behind ingroup favoritism, and their distinct elicitors].
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[群体间威胁和群体内相互依赖：群体偏爱背后的心理过程的多样性及其独特的诱发因素]。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Masaki Yuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kunihiro Yokota;Masaki Yuki
最近的研究表明，两种不同的心理过程导致最小群体范式（MGP）中的群体偏爱：获得积极的群体间独特性的动机和维持群体内合作的动机。在这项研究中，我们测试了基于适应论观点的假设，即表明群体间威胁或群体内相互依赖的不同情境线索会通过这些不同的心理过程引发群体内的偏爱。 91 名日本本科生参加了最小小组实验并执行了奖励分配任务。结果支持了我们的预测。在对照组中，参与者没有表现出内群体偏爱，仅进行了纯粹的内群体-外群体分类。然而，当他们在奖励分配之前在表面上不相关的任务中暴露于群体间威胁时，他们表现出群体内偏好（群体间威胁条件）。此外，仅在群体间威胁条件下观察到群体内偏爱与最大化积极群体间独特性的动机之间存在正相关。同样，参与者在相互依赖的情况下表现出内群体偏爱，他们收到暗示内群体内部相互依赖的线索。讨论了研究结果的意义和影响。
Recent research has suggested that two distinct psychological processes lead to ingroup favoritism in the minimal group paradigm (MGP): the motivation to gain positive intergroup distinctiveness, and the motivation to maintain intragroup cooperation. In this study, we tested a hypothesis based on the adaptationist perspective, that different situational cues suggesting intergroup threat or intragroup interdependence would elicit ingroup favoritism via these distinct psychological processes. Ninety-one Japanese undergraduates participated in a minimal group experiment and performed a reward allocation task. The results supported our predictions. Participants did not show ingroup favoritism in the control condition, where only pure ingroup-outgroup categorization was made. However, they showed ingroup favoritism when they were exposed to intergroup threat in an ostensibly unrelated task prior to reward allocation (intergroup threat condition). Moreover, a positive correlation between ingroup favoritism and the motivation to maximize positive intergroup distinctiveness was observed only in the intergroup threat condition. Likewise, participants showed ingroup favoritism in the interdependence condition, where they were presented with cues suggesting interdependence within the ingroup. The significance and implications of the findings are discussed.