The structure of effortful control in preschoolers and its relation to externalizing problems
The structure of effortful control in preschoolers and its relation to externalizing problems
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DOI：
10.1348/026151010x526542
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
van Tuijl, Cathy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gusdorf, Lisette M. A.;Karreman, Annemiek;van Tuijl, Cathy
本研究的第一个目的是检验努力控制的结构。第二个目的是确定努力控制的组成部分是否与行为问题和多动有关。对89名3岁儿童（N= 89）进行了努力控制的测量，采用了观察性测量方法——努力控制量表（ECB）和家长报告——儿童行为问卷（CBQ）。主成分分析表明，ECB测量了五个成分，评估了两个高阶结构，可以标记为自我控制和注意/运动控制。CBQ的五个量表似乎只测量了一种结构——一种更普遍的努力控制的测量。欧洲央行的组成部分和结构以及CBQ的量表与行为问题和过度活跃有不同的关系。行为问题最能被观察到的延迟满足和父母报告的抑制控制所预测，而多动症最能被观察到的延迟满足、高阶结构注意/运动控制以及父母报告的注意聚焦和抑制控制所预测。重要的是要记住，努力控制是由异构组件组成的，所有组件都有自己独特的值。
The first aim of the present study was to examine the structure of effortful control. The second aim was to determine whether components of effortful control relate to conduct problems and hyperactivity. Effortful control was measured in 3-year-old children (N= 89) with an observational measure, the effortful control battery (ECB), and a parent report, the Children's Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ). Principal component analysis showed that the ECB measures five components, assessing two higher-order constructs, which can be labelled as Self-Control and Attention/Motor Control. The five scales of the CBQ appeared to measure one construct - a more general measure of effortful control. The components and constructs of the ECB as well as the scales of the CBQ were differently related to conduct problems and hyperactivity. Conduct problems were most strongly predicted by observed Delay of Gratification and parent-reported Inhibitory Control, whereas Hyperactivity was most strongly predicted by observed Delay of Gratification, and the higher-order construct Attention/Motor Control, as well as parent-reported Attentional Focusing and Inhibitory Control. It is important to keep in mind that effortful control is composed of heterogeneous components, all having their own unique values.