Estimating geological CO(2) storage security to deliver on climate mitigation.

Estimating geological CO(2) storage security to deliver on climate mitigation.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-04423-1
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发表时间:
2018-06-12
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Haszeldine RS
Haszeldine RS
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alcalde J;Flude S;Wilkinson M;Johnson G;Edlmann K;Bond CE;Scott V;Gilfillan SMV;Ogaya X;Haszeldine RS

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碳捕获和储存(CCS)可以帮助各国经济有效地履行其巴黎二氧化碳减排承诺。然而,对二氧化碳地质封存安全缺乏信心仍然是CCS实施的一个障碍。在这里,我们提出了一个数值程序,计算二氧化碳储存安全和泄漏到大气中超过10,000年。这结合了地质地下CO2保留和地表CO2泄漏的定量估计。我们计算出,在具有中等井密度的地区,实际上管理良好的储存有50%的可能性,泄漏保持在每年0.0008%以下,超过98%的注入CO2保留在地下超过10,000年。在二氧化碳储存监管不足的不切实际的情况下,估计超过78%的二氧化碳将保留10,000年以上。我们的建模结果表明,二氧化碳的地质储存可以是一种安全的气候变化减缓选择,但我们注意到,二氧化碳在地下的长期行为仍然是一个关键的不确定性。碳捕获和储存可以帮助减少二氧化碳排放,但对地质二氧化碳储存安全的信心是不确定的。在这里,作者提出了一个数值程序来估计威尔斯井的泄漏,并发现在适当的监管下,98%的注入二氧化碳将被保留超过10,000年。
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) can help nations meet their Paris CO2 reduction commitments cost-effectively. However, lack of confidence in geologic CO2 storage security remains a barrier to CCS implementation. Here we present a numerical program that calculates CO2 storage security and leakage to the atmosphere over 10,000 years. This combines quantitative estimates of geological subsurface CO2 retention, and of surface CO2 leakage. We calculate that realistically well-regulated storage in regions with moderate well densities has a 50% probability that leakage remains below 0.0008% per year, with over 98% of the injected CO2 retained in the subsurface over 10,000 years. An unrealistic scenario, where CO2 storage is inadequately regulated, estimates that more than 78% will be retained over 10,000 years. Our modelling results suggest that geological storage of CO2 can be a secure climate change mitigation option, but we note that long-term behaviour of CO2 in the subsurface remains a key uncertainty. Carbon capture and storage can help reduce CO2 emissions but the confidence in geologic CO2 storage security is uncertain. Here the authors present a numerical programme to estimate leakage from wells and find that under appropriate regulation 98% of injected CO2 will be retained over 10,000 years.
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