The Eyes Know: Eye Movements as a Veridical Index of Memory
The Eyes Know: Eye Movements as a Veridical Index of Memory
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797611429799
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Cohen, Neal J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hannula, Deborah E.;Baym, Carol L.;Cohen, Neal J.
在两个实验中，我们检查了观察者的眼球运动是否能区分研究过的面孔和高度相似的新面孔。当参与者观看三面显示时，他们的眼球运动被监控。目标呈现显示包含一张研究过的脸和两张视觉上相似的变形脸；目标缺失显示包含三张变形的脸，这些脸在视觉上与被研究但未测试的脸相似。在测试阶段的每个试验中，参与者被要求选择被研究的面孔，如果它存在，或者选择随机的面孔，如果它不存在，然后表明所选择的面孔是否被研究过。虽然在没有目标的显示中操纵视觉相似性影响了对未研究项目的错误认可率，但眼球运动被证明不受这种操纵的影响。在展示开始后的1000到2000毫秒，以及在明确识别前的1000到500毫秒，被研究的人脸被不成比例地观看。早期观察还能区分被研究过的脸和被错误认定为被研究过的脸。我们的研究结果表明，眼动提供了一个相对纯粹的过去经验指数，不受显式反应策略的影响，并表明眼动测量可能在应用环境中具有实际用途。
In two experiments, we examined whether observers' eye movements distinguish studied faces from highly similar novel faces. Participants' eye movements were monitored while they viewed three-face displays. Target-present displays contained a studied face and two morphed faces that were visually similar to it; target-absent displays contained three morphed faces that were visually similar to a studied, but not tested, face. On each trial in a test session, participants were instructed to choose the studied face if it was present or a random face if it was not and then to indicate whether the chosen face was studied. Whereas manipulating visual similarity in target-absent displays influenced the rate of false endorsements of nonstudied items as studied, eye movements proved impervious to this manipulation. Studied faces were viewed disproportionately from 1,000 to 2,000 ms after display onset and from 1,000 to 500 ms before explicit identification. Early viewing also distinguished studied faces from faces incorrectly endorsed as studied. Our findings show that eye movements provide a relatively pure index of past experience that is uninfluenced by explicit response strategies, and suggest that eye movement measures may be of practical use in applied settings.