Swinging at a Cocktail Party: Voice Familiarity Aids Speech Perception in the Presence of a Competing Voice
Swinging at a Cocktail Party: Voice Familiarity Aids Speech Perception in the Presence of a Competing Voice
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0956797613482467
复制
发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Carlyon, Robert P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnsrude, Ingrid S.;Mackey, Allison;Carlyon, Robert P.
人们经常不得不在竞争的声音面前听别人说话。人们对用于克服这一挑战的声学线索了解得很多，但对来自特定听觉线索的经验的线索的效用几乎一无所知，这些线索对老年人和其他听力受损的人可能特别重要。在这里，我们使用一个版本的协调反应测量程序，以表明人们可以利用知识的一个非常熟悉的声音（他们的配偶的）不仅可以更好地跟踪它在干扰陌生人的声音的存在，但也至关重要的是，忽略它，以便更有效地理解陌生人的声音。虽然当目标声音是新的时，表现会随着年龄的增长而下降，但当目标声音属于听者的配偶时，表现并没有下降。这一发现表明，年长的听众可以利用他们对说话者声音的熟悉程度来减轻感官和认知能力下降的影响。
People often have to listen to someone speak in the presence of competing voices. Much is known about the acoustic cues used to overcome this challenge, but almost nothing is known about the utility of cues derived from experience with particular voicescues that may be particularly important for older people and others with impaired hearing. Here, we use a version of the coordinate-response-measure procedure to show that people can exploit knowledge of a highly familiar voice (their spouse's) not only to track it better in the presence of an interfering stranger's voice, but also, crucially, to ignore it so as to comprehend a stranger's voice more effectively. Although performance declines with increasing age when the target voice is novel, there is no decline when the target voice belongs to the listener's spouse. This finding indicates that older listeners can exploit their familiarity with a speaker's voice to mitigate the effects of sensory and cognitive decline.