Effect of anticipated performance on the attributions of causality to self and others.
Effect of anticipated performance on the attributions of causality to self and others.
复制标题
预期绩效对自我和他人因果关系归因的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/h0034949
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发表时间：
1973
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Thomas R. Witt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camille B. Wortman;Philip R. Costanzo;Thomas R. Witt
要求40名高中男生进行社会感知力测试，其中包含5个样本问题和10个正式问题。一半的学生在样题上做得很好，而一半的学生则做得很差。一半的党卫军预计会继续提出正式问题，而另一半则没有。此外，所有的SS都面临着一个成功的对手。学生们被要求对自己和他人做出因果归因。与之前的研究一致，失败的学生将其表现归因于外部因素。他们还认为自己的积极性较低，任务也没有成功的党卫队那么重要。正如预测的那样，对未来表现有预期的 Ss 归因于自己的能力明显低于没有预期的 Ss。此外，他们认为任务比非预期条件下的 Ss 更困难，而且他们的资源也不够充足。虽然成功-失败和预期-非预期对自我归因产生了强烈影响，但它们对 Ss 对成功他人的归因影响相对较小。（19 参考文献）（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Required 40 senior high school boys to take a test of social perceptiveness containing 5 sample and 10 official questions. Half of the Ss were led to do well on the sample questions, while half were led to do poorly. Half of the Ss anticipated continuing with the official questions, while half did not. In addition, all Ss were faced with a successful other. Ss were asked to make causal attributions to both themselves and to the other. Consistent with previous research, Ss who failed assigned causality for their performance to external factors. They also viewed themselves as less motivated and the task as less important than successful Ss. As predicted, Ss who anticipated future performance attributed significantly less ability to themselves than Ss who did not. In addition, they viewed the task as more difficult and their resources as less adequate than Ss in the nonanticipation condition. While success-failure and anticipation-nonanticipation produced strong effects on self-attribution, they had relatively little impact on the Ss' attributions about a successful other.(19 ref.)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)